ATI RN
Cardiovascular Conditions Pediatrics Test Bank Questions Free Nursing Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client uses triamcinolone (Kenalog), a corticosteroid ointment, to manage pruritus caused by a chronic skin rash. The client calls the clinic nurse to report increased erythema with purulent exudate at the site. Which action should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct action for the nurse to implement is to schedule an appointment for the client to see the healthcare provider (Option A). The increased erythema with purulent exudate at the site indicates a possible infection, which is a common complication of corticosteroid use. By scheduling an appointment for the client to see the healthcare provider, the nurse ensures that the client receives a proper evaluation and appropriate treatment for the infection. This is crucial in preventing the infection from worsening and potentially leading to serious complications. Option B, advising the client to apply more corticosteroid cream, is incorrect as it can further exacerbate the infection by suppressing the immune response and promoting bacterial growth. Option C, recommending the use of an antibiotic ointment, is also incorrect as systemic antibiotics may be needed and should be prescribed by a healthcare provider after a thorough evaluation. Option D, instructing the client to stop using the medication for 24 hours, is not appropriate as the client needs prompt medical attention for the infection. Educationally, this scenario highlights the importance of recognizing potential complications of medication use and the need for timely intervention by healthcare providers. It emphasizes the role of nurses in assessing, triaging, and advocating for clients' health and well-being. Nurses play a crucial role in patient education, monitoring for adverse effects, and facilitating timely access to appropriate healthcare interventions.
Question 2 of 5
A woman who works as a data entry clerk is concerned as to how recent diagnosis of Raynaud's syndrome is going to affect her job performance. Which instruction should the nurse provide this client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A) Use a space heater to keep the workspace warm. Raynaud's syndrome is a condition characterized by vasospasms in response to cold or stress, leading to reduced blood flow to extremities like fingers and toes. Keeping the workspace warm can help prevent triggering vasospasms and alleviate symptoms. Option B) Keeping hands elevated above the heart does not directly address the issue of cold-induced vasospasms in Raynaud's syndrome, so it is not the best instruction for this client. Option C) Wearing tight gloves during work can potentially worsen symptoms by restricting blood flow further, making this option incorrect for managing Raynaud's syndrome. Option D) While taking breaks can help improve circulation, it may not be as effective as maintaining a warm workspace in preventing vasospasms in Raynaud's syndrome. In an educational context, it is essential for nurses to provide evidence-based instructions to clients with Raynaud's syndrome to help them manage their condition effectively and maintain optimal job performance. Educating patients on environmental modifications, like using a space heater, can empower them to make informed decisions to improve their quality of life.
Question 3 of 5
On assessment of a child admitted with a diagnosis of Kawasaki Disease, the nurse expects to note which clinical manifestation of the acute phase of the disease?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In the acute phase of Kawasaki Disease, conjunctival hyperemia is a key clinical manifestation. This is because Kawasaki Disease is characterized by systemic vasculitis affecting medium-sized arteries, including the coronary arteries. Conjunctival hyperemia, along with other symptoms like rash, fever, and mucous membrane changes, are indicative of the inflammatory process affecting the blood vessels in the eyes. Option A, cracked lips, is a common finding in conditions like dehydration or vitamin deficiencies but is not specific to Kawasaki Disease. Option B, normal appearance, is unlikely in a child with Kawasaki Disease due to the systemic inflammation present. Option D, desquamation of the skin, typically occurs later in the subacute phase of the disease and is not a hallmark of the acute phase. Educationally, understanding the clinical manifestations of Kawasaki Disease is crucial for nurses caring for pediatric patients. Recognizing these signs early can lead to prompt treatment, which is essential in preventing complications such as coronary artery aneurysms. Nurses play a vital role in early identification and management of Kawasaki Disease, highlighting the importance of knowledge in assessing and caring for children with this condition.
Question 4 of 5
A child with rheumatic fever is being admitted to the pediatric floor. On admission assessment, the nurse should ask the parents which question to elicit assessment information specific to the development of rheumatic fever?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D) “Did your child have a sore throat or fever within the last 2 months?” This question is crucial in assessing the potential development of rheumatic fever because it is often preceded by a group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection, such as strep throat. Rheumatic fever typically occurs 2-4 weeks after an untreated or inadequately treated strep throat infection. Therefore, recent history of sore throat or fever is significant in identifying the possible cause of rheumatic fever in the child. Option A) “Has your child complained of back pain?” is incorrect because back pain is not a typical symptom associated with rheumatic fever. Option B) “Has your child complained of headaches?” is incorrect as headaches are also not specific to rheumatic fever and do not directly relate to its development. Option C) “Has your child had any nausea or vomiting?” is incorrect as these symptoms are not typically associated with rheumatic fever. Educationally, it is important for nurses to understand the link between streptococcal infections and the development of rheumatic fever in pediatric patients. By asking targeted questions related to potential preceding infections, nurses can gather crucial information to aid in the prompt diagnosis and management of rheumatic fever in children.
Question 5 of 5
A toddler who has been hospitalized for vomiting due to gastroenteritis is sleeping and difficult to wake up. Assessment reveals vital signs of a regular heart rate of 230 beats per minute, respiratory rate of 30 per minute, BP of 84/52, and capillary refill time of 3 seconds. Which dysrhythmia does the nurse suspect in this child?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). SVT is a common dysrhythmia in pediatric patients and is characterized by a rapid heart rate originating above the ventricles. The toddler's heart rate of 230 beats per minute, along with other symptoms such as difficulty waking up, low blood pressure, and prolonged capillary refill time, are indicative of SVT. Option A) Rapid atrial flutter is incorrect because atrial flutter typically presents with a regular but very fast atrial rate, not as rapid as seen in this case. Option C) Sinus bradycardia is also incorrect as it refers to a slow heart rate originating from the sinus node, which is not consistent with the toddler's presentation of a heart rate of 230 beats per minute. Option D) Rapid atrial fibrillation is incorrect because atrial fibrillation presents with an irregularly irregular heart rate pattern, unlike the regular rapid rate seen in this case. Educationally, understanding pediatric dysrhythmias is crucial for nurses caring for children, especially in acute care settings. Recognizing the signs and symptoms of SVT and other dysrhythmias promptly can lead to timely interventions and improved patient outcomes. Nurses need to be skilled in assessing vital signs, recognizing abnormal findings, and implementing appropriate interventions to manage dysrhythmias effectively in pediatric patients.