A client undergone spinal anesthetic, it will be important that the nurse immediately position the client in:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Flat on back. This position is ideal after spinal anesthesia to prevent complications such as hypotension and headache. Lying flat helps maintain proper circulation and reduces the risk of blood pooling in the lower extremities. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because placing the client on the side, with knees flexed, or on the stomach can increase the risk of complications such as respiratory distress, impaired circulation, or spinal headache. It is crucial to prioritize the client's safety and well-being by following evidence-based positioning guidelines.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: A progressively deeper breaths followed by shallower breaths with apneic periods. Cheyne-Stokes respirations are characterized by a cyclical pattern of breathing where respirations gradually increase in depth and rate, then decrease to the point of apnea before starting the cycle again. This pattern is often seen in clients with neurological issues such as cerebrovascular accidents affecting the brainstem. Choice B is incorrect because Cheyne-Stokes respirations do not have abrupt pauses between each breath. Choice C is incorrect as it describes irregular breathing without the characteristic pattern of increasing and decreasing respirations. Choice D is incorrect because Cheyne-Stokes respirations are not shallow but rather have a pattern of progressively deeper breaths.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, the 43-year-old homeless man with a history of alcoholism. This choice is most likely to have TB due to the increased risk factors associated with homelessness, alcoholism, and compromised immune system. Homeless populations are at higher risk for TB due to crowded living conditions and poor access to healthcare. Alcoholism can weaken the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to TB infection. The other choices do not have the same level of risk factors for TB compared to the homeless man with alcoholism. A, the 16-year-old high school student, is less likely to have TB as younger age groups typically have lower rates of TB. B, the 33-year-old day-care worker, may have some exposure risk, but it is not as high as the homeless man with alcoholism. D, the 54-year-old businessman, does not have the same risk factors for TB as the homeless man with alcoholism.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: The 75-year-old client who was admitted 1 hour ago with new-onset atrial fibrillation and is receiving L.V. diltiazem (Cardizem). This client should be assessed first because atrial fibrillation can lead to serious complications like stroke or heart failure. Assessing this client allows for prompt intervention to stabilize the heart rhythm. Choice A can be ruled out as the client's vital signs are stable and the condition has been present for 2 days. Choice B should be assessed next due to the critically low blood pressure, but the client with atrial fibrillation takes priority. Choice C, although receiving heparin, does not have an acute condition like atrial fibrillation that requires immediate attention.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because after receiving a subarachnoid block, the client should remain supine for the specified time to prevent complications like a sudden drop in blood pressure. This position helps maintain proper blood flow to the brain and spinal cord. A is incorrect because maintaining hydration is important postoperatively. B is incorrect as there is no specific reason to avoid milk products. C is incorrect as blood in urine is not a common complication of a subarachnoid block and would not be the most important instruction at this time.