A client's wife of 34 years dies unexpectedly. The client cries often and becomes socially isolated. The client's therapist encourages open discussion of feelings, proper nutrition, and exercise. What is the best rationale for the therapist's recommendations?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because stress can weaken the immune system, making the client more susceptible to illness. By encouraging proper nutrition and exercise, the therapist aims to boost the client's immune system. Crying and social isolation are common responses to grief and can further exacerbate the negative effects of stress. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not directly address the client's physical health or immune system response to stress. Circadian rhythms, neurotransmitters, and acetylcholine levels are important factors in mental health but are not the primary concern in this scenario.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because it aligns with the highest level of Maslow's hierarchy of needs, self-actualization. This level represents achieving personal growth, self-fulfillment, and realizing one's full potential. This surpasses the lower needs of safety, love/belonging, and esteem. A, maintaining a relationship, falls under love/belonging; B, self-confidence, relates to esteem; and D, sense of purpose, pertains to esteem and self-actualization but does not encapsulate the full realization of potential like option C does.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because distraction during pain episodes is a healthy coping mechanism that indicates appropriate adaptation to pain. This behavior suggests the client is able to manage pain without it significantly impacting their daily functioning. A: Reporting pain reduction and decreased activity may indicate maladaptive coping or worsening pain. B: Denying pain can be a sign of maladaptive coping or psychological distress. D: Reporting independence from watchers does not necessarily indicate effective pain adaptation and may be unrelated to pain management.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Last case. Surgeries like I and D and debridement are considered "dirty cases" due to the risk of infection. Scheduling them as the last case reduces the risk of contamination to other patients and operating rooms. It also allows for thorough cleaning and sterilization of the operating room after the procedure. Choosing option B (In between cases) would increase the risk of contamination. Option C (According to availability of anesthesiologist) is irrelevant to the scheduling of dirty cases. Option D (According to the surgeon's preference) may not prioritize patient safety and infection control.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Administer oxygen at 6L/min. This should be initiated first because it addresses the client's immediate physiological need for oxygenation, ensuring adequate oxygen supply to vital organs. Providing oxygen takes precedence over emotional support (A), suctioning (C), and administering bronchodilators (D). Emotional support is important but not as urgent as oxygenation. Suctioning and administering bronchodilators are secondary interventions once oxygenation is optimized. Administering oxygen first is essential in managing respiratory distress and ensuring the client's safety and stability.