A client reports that her family will be moving because her husband is taking a new job in another state. She is very unhappy about the decision and doesn’t want to move. What action should the nurse take next?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct action for the nurse to take is option A) Assess the client’s and family’s coping mechanisms in handling stress. This is the most appropriate response because it focuses on understanding the client's emotional state and providing support tailored to her needs. Moving to a new state can be a significant stressor, and the nurse needs to assess how the client and her family are coping with this transition. Option B) Encouraging the client to act excited about the move is not appropriate as it dismisses the client's feelings of unhappiness and does not address the underlying stress and emotions she may be experiencing. Option C) Talking to the husband to get his perspective on the move is not the best initial action as the primary focus should be on supporting the client and understanding her feelings and concerns. Option D) Telling her that all families must cope with new situations from time to time is dismissive of the client's feelings and does not provide the necessary support or assessment needed in this situation. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of assessing clients' emotional well-being and coping mechanisms in pharmacological practice. It emphasizes the need for nurses to provide holistic care that considers not only the physical aspects but also the emotional and psychological well-being of their clients.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the context of health promotion in a community, the correct answer is option D, the lack of grocery stores within walking distance identified by the community. This is the priority concern because access to healthy food options is fundamental to promoting good health and preventing chronic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and heart disease. Without convenient access to grocery stores, community members may struggle to maintain a balanced diet, leading to adverse health outcomes. Option A, the limited recreational areas, while important for physical activity and mental well-being, may not have as direct and immediate impact on health as access to healthy food choices. Option B, the high crime rate, though a serious community concern, is more related to public safety than health promotion per se. Option C, the absence of health clinics on the local bus route, is also crucial for healthcare access but may not be as pressing as ensuring access to nutritious food options for overall community health. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of considering social determinants of health, such as access to healthy food, in community health planning. It reinforces the significance of addressing environmental factors that can impact health outcomes and encourages nurses to prioritize interventions that address the most critical health needs of the community they serve.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Poor nutritional habits. This finding is most likely to be discovered during the assessment of a community facing difficulty meeting its nutritional-metabolic pattern. Poor nutritional habits indicate that individuals in the community may not be consuming a balanced diet or may be making unhealthy food choices, leading to nutritional deficiencies or imbalances. Option A) Decreased availability of grocery stores is less likely to be the primary cause as many communities have access to alternative sources of food such as markets, convenience stores, or online delivery services. Option C) Lack of subsidized food programs may not necessarily be the main issue, as even with subsidized programs, individuals may still struggle with making healthy food choices. Option D) Inadequate knowledge about proper nutrition could contribute to poor nutritional habits, but it is not as direct of a cause as poor habits themselves. Educational context: Understanding the link between community assessments and health promotion is crucial in nursing and public health. By identifying specific issues like poor nutritional habits, nurses can develop targeted interventions to improve community health outcomes through education, access to resources, and support for behavior change. This question highlights the importance of addressing underlying causes of health issues to promote effective interventions and improve overall community well-being.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct next step for the community nurse is option C: Provide educational programs at local schools regarding pregnancy prevention. This action is crucial in addressing the issue of teenage pregnancies proactively. By providing educational programs at local schools, the nurse can reach a large number of teenagers and provide them with essential knowledge and skills to prevent unintended pregnancies through contraception, safe sex practices, and understanding reproductive health. Option A, determining the rate of teenage pregnancies, although important for data collection and understanding the scope of the issue, is not the immediate next step. It is more of an initial assessment rather than an action step to address the problem. Option B, evaluating the success of her plan, is premature as the nurse has not yet implemented any interventions. Evaluation comes after the intervention has been carried out. Option D, determining which factors related to teenage pregnancy require intervention, is also a valid step in planning, but providing education and prevention programs should come first to equip teenagers with the necessary knowledge to make informed decisions. In an educational context, providing preventive health education aligns with the principles of health promotion and empowerment. It equips individuals with the knowledge and skills needed to make healthy choices, thereby promoting overall well-being and preventing negative health outcomes. By focusing on education, the nurse can empower teenagers to take control of their reproductive health and make informed decisions to prevent teenage pregnancies.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A) Prevalence rate. In this context, the statement describes the proportion of individuals in a population who have the condition (influenza) at a specific point in time. Prevalence rate gives us an understanding of how widespread a disease is within a population. Option B) Incidence rate would refer to the rate of new cases of influenza occurring within a specific time period. Since the question states the occurrence among Americans annually, it aligns more with prevalence than incidence. Option C) Morbidity rate typically refers to the proportion of individuals in a population who have a specific illness or condition. While related, it does not specifically capture the prevalence of the condition within a population at a certain point in time. Option D) Mortality rate would focus on the number of deaths due to influenza within a population, which is not the focus of the question. Understanding these epidemiological terms is crucial in public health and pharmacology as they help in assessing disease burden, planning interventions, and evaluating the effectiveness of health promotion programs. Prevalence rates are particularly useful in understanding the overall impact of a disease within a population and guiding public health strategies.