A client recovering from a fractured knee wants to know if there are any non-dairy sources of calcium that are absorbed well by the body. Which one of the following food items should the nurse suggest to enable the client to meet his daily calcium intake requirement?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B) Canned salmon with bones. This option is the best choice because it contains both calcium and vitamin D, which are essential for optimal calcium absorption in the body. The bones in canned salmon are a rich source of easily absorbable calcium, making it an ideal non-dairy source for meeting daily calcium requirements. Option A) Green leafy vegetables are good sources of calcium, but the calcium in them is not as easily absorbed by the body compared to the calcium in salmon with bones. Option C) Broccoli contains some calcium, but the amount is relatively low compared to what the client may need to meet daily requirements. Option D) Calcium-fortified orange juice is a good source of calcium, but it may not provide as much calcium per serving as canned salmon with bones. In an educational context, it is important for healthcare professionals to be knowledgeable about alternative sources of nutrients, especially for clients with specific dietary restrictions or preferences. Understanding the bioavailability of nutrients from different food sources can help in providing appropriate dietary recommendations for clients to support their recovery and overall health.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the case of a patient diagnosed with advanced ALS, the priority intervention is to develop a method of communication, which is option C. This is the correct answer because communication is essential for maintaining the patient's dignity, autonomy, and quality of life. ALS progressively impairs the patient's ability to speak and move, making effective communication challenging. By developing a method of communication, such as using communication boards, eye-tracking devices, or other assistive technologies, the healthcare team can ensure the patient's needs, preferences, and concerns are heard and addressed. Option A is incorrect because focusing solely on providing meals without addressing communication neglects the patient's holistic needs and preferences. Option B is inappropriate as it disregards the patient's right to participate in decisions about their care, regardless of their mental status. Option D is incorrect as it prioritizes meal provision over addressing the crucial issue of communication in a patient with ALS. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of recognizing the holistic needs of patients with neurological conditions, such as ALS, and the significance of effective communication in providing patient-centered care. It emphasizes the role of healthcare professionals in ensuring that patients with communication challenges are supported in expressing their needs and maintaining their agency and dignity.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of a patient with osteomyelitis, a serious infection of the bone, the most critical vital sign to monitor closely is the heart rate. Osteomyelitis can lead to systemic inflammatory responses in the body, causing an increase in heart rate as the body tries to fight off the infection. A heart rate of 96 beats per minute indicates tachycardia, which can be a sign of the body's stress response to the infection. This rapid heart rate may indicate systemic involvement and the potential for worsening sepsis, requiring immediate attention and intervention. The other vital signs provided in the options are also important in assessing a patient's condition, but they are not as directly linked to the urgency of osteomyelitis as heart rate. A temperature of 99.9°F may indicate a slight fever, which is common in infections but may not be as acutely concerning as an elevated heart rate in this context. The blood pressure and respiratory rate provided fall within normal ranges and do not necessarily indicate an immediate need for intervention in a patient with osteomyelitis. In an educational context, understanding the significance of vital signs in different clinical scenarios is crucial for healthcare providers to prioritize and respond to patient needs effectively. Teaching students to recognize the specific implications of vital signs in conditions like osteomyelitis helps develop their clinical reasoning skills and enhances their ability to provide timely and appropriate care to patients in various healthcare settings.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of assessing the contraindications for an MRI scan, the correct answer is option C - Clients with metal implants in their body. MRI uses powerful magnets to create detailed images of the body, and metal objects can be strongly attracted to the magnet, causing serious harm to the individual and interfering with the imaging process. Option A - Overweight clients, and option B - Clients over the age of 60, are not contraindications for MRI scans. MRI is a safe imaging modality for individuals of various weights and ages. Option D - Clients with brain tumors, would actually be a population that would benefit from an MRI scan as it is a useful tool in diagnosing and monitoring brain tumors. Educationally, it is essential for healthcare providers to understand the safety considerations and contraindications related to different diagnostic procedures like MRI scans to ensure the well-being of their patients and the accuracy of diagnostic results. This knowledge helps in making informed decisions about the appropriate diagnostic tests based on the individual's specific health conditions.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A) Turn the client every 2 hours to prevent skin breakdown. This is essential in the nursing management of a client with Guillain-Barré syndrome who is immobile. Turning the client frequently helps in preventing pressure ulcers, which can develop due to prolonged immobility. Option B) Range-of-motion (ROM) exercises every 8 hours is not the priority in this situation. While ROM exercises are important for maintaining joint mobility and preventing contractures, preventing skin breakdown takes precedence in an immobile client to avoid serious complications. Option C) Encouraging the client to participate in self-care may not be feasible in a client with Guillain-Barré syndrome who is immobile due to the severity of the condition. The focus should be on providing necessary care and support to meet the client's needs. Option D) Consulting with a physical or occupational therapist on independence activities is important in the rehabilitation phase of Guillain-Barré syndrome when the client starts to regain mobility. However, in the acute phase when the client is immobile, the priority is to prevent complications like skin breakdown. In an educational context, understanding the priorities in nursing care for clients with neurological conditions like Guillain-Barré syndrome is crucial for providing safe and effective care. Nurses need to prioritize interventions based on the client's condition and immediate needs to prevent complications and promote recovery.