ATI RN
Proctored Pharmacology ATI Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client receiving chemotherapy with Methotrexate asks why Leucovorin is being given. Which of the following responses should the nurse use?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Leucovorin, a folic acid derivative and an antagonist to Methotrexate, is given within 12 hours of high doses of Methotrexate to protect healthy cells from the toxic effects of Methotrexate. It helps to reduce the bone marrow suppression and gastrointestinal side effects caused by Methotrexate, supporting the client's overall well-being during chemotherapy treatment.
Question 2 of 5
A client with Subacute Bacterial Endocarditis is receiving Streptomycin IM among other antibiotics. For which of the following manifestations should the nurse monitor as an adverse effect of this medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is A) Extremity paresthesias. Streptomycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic known to have ototoxic and neurotoxic side effects. Paresthesias, or abnormal sensations like tingling or numbness in the extremities, are common neurotoxic effects of Streptomycin. Monitoring for these symptoms is crucial to prevent further complications. Option B) Urinary retention is not a common adverse effect of Streptomycin. This symptom is more commonly associated with medications affecting the genitourinary system. Option C) Severe constipation is not a typical adverse effect of Streptomycin. Gastrointestinal side effects like nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea are more commonly seen with this medication. Option D) Complex partial seizures are not a known adverse effect of Streptomycin. Seizures are not typically associated with aminoglycoside antibiotics like Streptomycin. Educationally, understanding the side effects of antibiotics like Streptomycin is vital for nurses to provide safe and effective care. Monitoring for adverse effects ensures early detection and intervention, contributing to positive patient outcomes. Nurses need to be knowledgeable about drug side effects to prevent complications and provide holistic patient care.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who is beginning a course of Metronidazole to treat an infection. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct the client to stop taking Metronidazole and notify the provider?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) Ataxia. Ataxia refers to a lack of muscle coordination that can be a sign of neurotoxicity associated with Metronidazole. Neurotoxicity is a serious adverse effect that warrants immediate medical attention to prevent further complications. Option A) Metallic taste is a common side effect of Metronidazole and does not typically require discontinuation of the medication unless severe or persistent. Option B) Nausea is another common side effect of Metronidazole and can often be managed with supportive care or antiemetic medication. It does not usually necessitate stopping the medication. Option D) Dark-colored urine can be a side effect of Metronidazole but is not a severe adverse effect that requires immediate discontinuation of the medication. In an educational context, it is crucial for nurses to understand the potential adverse effects of medications to educate patients effectively on what to expect and when to seek medical help. Understanding the difference between common side effects and serious adverse effects helps nurses provide safe and comprehensive care to their patients.
Question 4 of 5
A client with active tuberculosis asks why he must take four different medications. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When treating tuberculosis, using a combination of multiple medications is crucial to reduce the risk of bacterial resistance. The use of four medications helps to target the bacteria from different angles, making it harder for them to develop resistance to the treatment. This approach is essential to ensure the effectiveness of the treatment regimen and to prevent the spread of drug-resistant strains of tuberculosis.
Question 5 of 5
A client has a new prescription for Nevirapine, an NNRTI. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in teaching the client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In teaching a client about Nevirapine, an NNRTI medication, it is essential to include the statement "Take this medication with food to increase absorption." This instruction is crucial because Nevirapine's absorption is significantly enhanced when taken with food. The presence of food helps prevent gastrointestinal side effects and improves the drug's bioavailability, ensuring the medication's optimal therapeutic effect. Option A, "Take this medication on an empty stomach," is incorrect because, as mentioned earlier, taking Nevirapine with food enhances its absorption and reduces adverse GI effects. Therefore, taking it on an empty stomach would not be ideal. Option C, "Avoid alcohol while taking this medication," is a standard precaution with many medications, but it is not directly related to Nevirapine's absorption or efficacy. While alcohol consumption should generally be limited while taking medications, this particular statement is not as critical for Nevirapine specifically. Option D, "Take this medication at the same time every day," is a good general practice for medication adherence but is not as crucial for Nevirapine's efficacy as taking it with food. Consistency in dosing is essential for maintaining therapeutic levels of the medication in the bloodstream but does not directly impact absorption like taking it with food does. In an educational context, understanding the rationale behind specific medication instructions is vital for promoting patient compliance and maximizing therapeutic benefits. By providing clear, evidence-based explanations for medication administration, nurses can empower clients to take an active role in their treatment and achieve better health outcomes.