ATI RN
Pediatric Nursing Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client receiving chemotherapy has a nursing diagnosis of Deficient diversional activity related to decreased energy. Which statement indicates an accurate understanding of appropriate ways to deal with this deficit?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Option A, "I'll play card games with my friends," indicates an accurate understanding of appropriate ways to deal with the deficit of deficient diversional activity related to decreased energy. Playing card games with friends can provide a social and mentally stimulating activity that can be easily modified based on the client's energy levels. It also promotes social interaction and emotional support, which are important aspects of diversional activities for individuals undergoing chemotherapy. This option aligns well with addressing the nursing diagnosis by engaging in a low-energy but potentially enjoyable activity that can help combat feelings of isolation and boredom.
Question 2 of 5
Cancer is the second major cause of death in this country. What is the first step toward effective cancer control?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The first step toward effective cancer control is changing habits and customs that predispose individuals to cancer. Prevention is key in reducing the incidence of cancer. By addressing factors like smoking, poor diet, lack of physical activity, excessive alcohol consumption, and exposure to carcinogens in the environment, the risk of developing cancer can be significantly reduced. Education and awareness play a crucial role in encouraging individuals to adopt healthier lifestyles and behaviors to minimize their cancer risk. While screening and early detection are also important aspects of cancer control, prevention through lifestyle modifications is the fundamental strategy in reducing the burden of cancer in the population.
Question 3 of 5
The patient develops a low-grade fever 18 hours post-operatively and has diminished breath sounds. Which of the following actions is most appropriate for the nurse to take to prevent complications? i.Administer antibiotics iv.Decrease fluid intake ii.Encourage coughing and deepbreathing v.Ambulate patient as ordered iii.Administer acetaminophen (Tylenol)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In this scenario, the patient developing a low-grade fever post-operatively along with diminished breath sounds could indicate the possibility of atelectasis or pneumonia. The most appropriate actions for the nurse to take to prevent complications in this situation would be to encourage coughing and deep breathing (to help clear secretions and improve lung expansion) and ambulate the patient as ordered (to promote lung ventilation and prevent further complications). Administering antibiotics, acetaminophen for fever management, and decreasing fluid intake may be considered based on the healthcare provider's assessment and orders, but the immediate nursing interventions to address the presenting symptoms are encouraging coughing and deep breathing and ambulating the patient.
Question 4 of 5
When the nurse is reviewing a patient's daily laboratory test results, which of the ff. electrolyte imbalances should the nurse recognize as predisposing the patient to digoxin toxicity?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hypokalemia, or low potassium levels, predisposes the patient to digoxin toxicity because potassium is essential for proper digoxin metabolism. Potassium competes with digoxin for binding sites on sodium-potassium ATPase pumps in the myocardial cells. When potassium levels are low, digoxin binding is increased, leading to an increased risk of digoxin toxicity. Monitoring and correcting hypokalemia are important in patients taking digoxin to reduce the risk of toxicity. Hyperkalemia, on the other hand, can increase the risk of digoxin toxicity by affecting electrophysiological properties of the heart, but hypokalemia is the most significant imbalance predisposing to digoxin toxicity.
Question 5 of 5
If the systolic BP is elevated and the diastolic BP is normal, the nurse recognizes that a patient is most likely to have which type of hypertension?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Isolated systolic hypertension is characterized by elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP) with normal diastolic blood pressure (DBP). In this case, if the systolic BP is elevated and the diastolic BP is normal, the nurse would recognize this pattern as indicative of isolated systolic hypertension. This condition is more common in older adults and is associated with aging and stiffening of the arteries. Patients with isolated systolic hypertension are at an increased risk of cardiovascular events, so it is important to monitor and manage their blood pressure appropriately.