ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology 2016 Practice Exam A Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client received IV Verapamil to treat supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). The client's pulse rate is now 98/min, and blood pressure is 74/44 mm Hg. The nurse should anticipate a prescription for which of the following IV medications?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In this situation, where the client's blood pressure is significantly lowered due to Verapamil administration, the nurse should anticipate a prescription for Calcium gluconate. Calcium gluconate is used to reverse severe hypotension caused by Verapamil. It should be given slowly intravenously as it counteracts the vasodilation caused by Verapamil, helping to normalize blood pressure levels.
Question 2 of 5
A client with Atrial Fibrillation is prescribed Dabigatran to prevent Thrombosis. Which medication is prescribed concurrently to treat an adverse effect of Dabigatran?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Omeprazole or another proton pump inhibitor is commonly prescribed for clients taking dabigatran who experience abdominal pain and other gastrointestinal adverse effects associated with dabigatran use. Proton pump inhibitors help alleviate these symptoms by reducing gastric acid secretion, which can contribute to gastrointestinal discomfort.
Question 3 of 5
A healthcare professional is preparing to administer a transfusion of a unit of packed red blood cells (PRBCs) for a client who has severe anemia. Which of the following interventions will prevent an acute hemolytic reaction?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Obtaining help from another healthcare professional to confirm the correct client and blood product is crucial in preventing an acute hemolytic reaction during a blood transfusion. This reaction occurs due to ABO or Rh incompatibility. Verifying the correct client and blood product reduces the risk of administering the wrong blood type, which could lead to a life-threatening reaction. It is essential to follow strict protocols to ensure patient safety during blood transfusions.
Question 4 of 5
A client with Peptic Ulcer Disease who is taking Sucralfate PO has a new prescription for phenytoin to control seizures. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct instruction that the nurse should provide is option C: Allow a 2-hour interval between these medications. Explanation: Phenytoin is a medication that can interact with sucralfate when taken simultaneously. Sucralfate can bind to phenytoin in the gastrointestinal tract, reducing the absorption and effectiveness of phenytoin. By spacing out the administration of these medications by 2 hours, the interaction can be minimized, allowing each drug to be absorbed and utilized effectively. Why the other options are wrong: A) Taking an antacid with sucralfate can alter its pH-dependent mechanism of action, reducing its efficacy in treating Peptic Ulcer Disease. B) Taking sucralfate with milk can also affect its absorption and effectiveness due to changes in pH and potential interactions with components of the milk. D) Chewing sucralfate before swallowing is not recommended as it can alter its intended release and mechanism of action in the gastrointestinal tract. Educational context: Understanding drug interactions and appropriate medication administration is crucial in pharmacology. Nurses play a vital role in educating patients to ensure safe and effective medication use. This scenario highlights the importance of knowing how medications can interact and the significance of proper timing to optimize therapeutic outcomes.
Question 5 of 5
A client has a new prescription for Warfarin. The nurse should identify that the concurrent use of which of the following medications increases the client's risk of bleeding?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is Acetaminophen (Choice C). Acetaminophen, especially in high doses, can increase the risk of bleeding in clients taking Warfarin. It can potentiate the anticoagulant effect of Warfarin, leading to an increased risk of bleeding. Nurses should monitor clients closely for signs of bleeding when these two medications are used together.