A client presents to the emergency department delirious and combative. The client becomes a danger to himself and to the staff caring for him. Which of the following actions is most appropriate?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Administer intramuscular sedative medication to the client. This option addresses the immediate safety concern by calming the delirious and combative client, preventing harm to themselves and others. Sedative medication can help manage the client's behavior and facilitate a safe environment for both the client and the staff. Rationale: 1. Removing objects (Option A) does not address the client's behavior and may not effectively manage the situation. 2. Applying wrist restraints (Option B) can lead to physical and psychological harm, should only be used as a last resort, and does not address the underlying cause of the behavior. 3. Recruiting staff to physically hold the client (Option C) is unsafe, may escalate the situation, and poses a risk of injury to both the client and staff.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because slipping arms into arm holes simultaneously minimizes contamination risk. Choice A is incorrect because tying the back of the gown should be done by someone else to maintain sterility. Choice B is incorrect as touching the inside of the gown can introduce contamination. Choice D is incorrect as fingers should be extended gradually into the gloves to prevent tearing and contamination.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step 1: An infection is caused by pathogens (such as bacteria, viruses, fungi) invading the body. Step 2: These pathogens disrupt the normal functions of the body, leading to illness. Step 3: Infection can result in a variety of diseases, from minor to severe. Step 4: Choice C accurately defines infection as a disease resulting from pathogens in or on the body. Summary: A: Incorrect - An unclean environment may contribute to infection, but it does not define infection itself. B: Incorrect - Lack of knowledge about food preparation may lead to foodborne illnesses, not necessarily infections. D: Incorrect - Traumatic injury can lead to infections, but not all infections are a result of traumatic injury.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Airborne route. In this scenario, the most likely means of transmission is through the air, as the woman is coughing and sneezing. Respiratory droplets containing the infectious agents can be inhaled by the man, leading to potential infection. Direct contact (choice A) involves physical touching, which is not evident in the situation. Indirect contact (choice B) would involve touching contaminated surfaces, which is less likely with airborne infections. Vectors (choice C) refer to organisms that transmit diseases, like mosquitoes, which are not relevant to this case. Therefore, the airborne route is the most plausible means of transmission in this context.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Prodromal stage. During this stage, the student experiences early symptoms like fever and fatigue, and viral shedding is high, making them most infectious. In contrast, during the incubation period (A), the virus is replicating but symptoms are not yet present. In the full stage of illness (C), symptoms are pronounced but infectiousness may decrease. In the convalescent period (D), the student is recovering and viral shedding decreases, reducing infectivity.