ATI RN
Free Medical Surgical Certification Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client is wearing a Venturi mask to receive oxygen, and the dinner tray has arrived. What action by the nurse is best?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Determine if the client can switch to a nasal cannula during the meal. This is the best action because the client can maintain oxygen therapy while eating without the obstruction of the Venturi mask. Switching to a nasal cannula allows for continued oxygen delivery during meals. A: Assessing the client's oxygen saturation and turning off the oxygen if normal is incorrect because the client still needs oxygen support during meals. C: Having the client lift the mask off the face when taking bites of food is incorrect as it disrupts continuous oxygen therapy. D: Turning off the oxygen while the client eats the meal and then restarting it is incorrect as it interrupts oxygen therapy, which should be continuous for clients requiring oxygen support.
Question 2 of 5
A client is prescribed prednisone for asthma management. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because stopping prednisone abruptly can lead to adrenal insufficiency due to the suppression of the body's natural cortisol production. The client should never stop taking prednisone suddenly without consulting the healthcare provider. Choice A is correct because prednisone is often used as a daily preventive medication for asthma. Choice B is correct as prednisone can lower the immune system, making the client more susceptible to infections. Choice C is incorrect because prednisone is usually taken with food to minimize stomach upset.
Question 3 of 5
A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is being assessed by a nurse. Which finding does the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increased anteroposterior (AP) chest diameter. In COPD, the chronic obstruction of airflow leads to air trapping in the lungs, causing the chest to expand more front-to-back (increased AP diameter). This is known as "barrel chest" and is a characteristic finding in COPD due to hyperinflation of the lungs. Incorrect choices: B: Decreased respiratory rate is not expected in COPD as patients may have increased respiratory rate due to difficulty breathing. C: Weight gain is not a typical finding in COPD as patients often experience weight loss due to increased energy expenditure and decreased appetite. D: Productive cough with yellow sputum is common in COPD, but it is not the most specific finding for this condition.
Question 4 of 5
A client is prescribed albuterol (Proventil) via a metered-dose inhaler. Which action should the nurse take to ensure effective use of this medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Have the client hold their breath for 10 seconds after inhaling the medication. This action promotes medication deposition in the lungs by allowing the albuterol to reach deeper into the airways. Holding the breath for 10 seconds ensures better absorption and effectiveness of the medication. Explanation of Incorrect Choices: A: Inhaling quickly may cause the medication to not reach the lower airways effectively. C: Exhaling immediately after inhaling the medication can decrease the amount of medication reaching the lungs. D: Using the inhaler only when experiencing symptoms may lead to ineffective management of respiratory conditions.
Question 5 of 5
A client has an oxygen saturation of 88% on room air. Which action should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Initiate oxygen therapy at 2 liters per minute via nasal cannula. Oxygen saturation of 88% indicates hypoxemia and requires immediate intervention. Providing supplemental oxygen via nasal cannula will help improve oxygenation. Placing the client in high-Fowler's position may help with ventilation but addressing hypoxemia is the priority. Notifying the healthcare provider is important but immediate intervention is necessary. Documenting the finding is important but should not delay providing oxygen therapy.