A client is warm and asks for a fan to put in the room. The nurse enters the room to assess the mother and infant and finds the infant unwrapped in his crib with the fan blowing on them on high. The nurse instructs the mother that the fan should not be directed at the newborn and the infant should be wrapped in a blanket. The mother asks why?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Directing a fan towards a newborn can cause heat loss by convection. Convection is the transfer of heat through the movement of air or water. In this case, the fan blowing cool air directly on the infant can cause heat loss from the baby's body. Newborns have limited ability to regulate their body temperature, so it's important to keep them comfortably warm by using appropriate clothing and blankets rather than exposing them to direct air flow from a fan.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the context of maternal newborn nursing and pharmacology, understanding the recommended daily calcium intake for individuals AFAB aged 51 and above is crucial due to the increased risk of osteoporosis and other bone-related conditions in this population. The correct answer is D) 1,200 mg per day. The rationale behind the recommended daily calcium intake of 1,200 mg for individuals AFAB aged 51 and above is based on the increased calcium requirements to maintain bone health and prevent osteoporosis as people age. Adequate calcium intake is essential for reducing the risk of fractures and maintaining bone density, especially in postmenopausal individuals. Option A) 500 mg per day is too low for this age group as it is more suitable for younger individuals. Option B) 800 mg per day is also below the recommended intake for adults aged 51 and above. Option C) 1,000 mg per day is closer to the correct answer but still falls short of the optimal intake for this specific population. Educationally, it is essential for nurses working in maternal newborn care to have a solid understanding of recommended nutrient intakes, such as calcium, to provide appropriate guidance to pregnant and postpartum individuals. By knowing the correct daily calcium intake for different age groups, nurses can better support their patients in maintaining optimal bone health and overall well-being.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In maternal newborn nursing, understanding the impact of maternal age on pregnancy outcomes is crucial. The correct answer is D) chromosomal abnormalities. Women aged 35 and older at conception are at increased risk of chromosomal abnormalities in their offspring, particularly Down syndrome. This is due to the higher likelihood of errors occurring during meiosis in older eggs, leading to aneuploidy. Option A) low birth weight is not directly linked to maternal age but can be influenced by various factors such as maternal nutrition, prenatal care, and pre-existing health conditions. Option B) hypoglycemia is more related to maternal diabetes or gestational diabetes rather than maternal age. Option C) neural tube defects are associated with factors like maternal folic acid deficiency, genetics, or environmental influences, not specifically tied to maternal age. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of understanding how maternal age can impact pregnancy outcomes and the need for healthcare providers to provide appropriate counseling and screening for older pregnant individuals to mitigate risks associated with advanced maternal age. It underscores the significance of genetic counseling and prenatal testing in this population to detect and manage potential complications early in the pregnancy.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the context of the Four Cs communication framework in nursing, the correct answer is B) "What are you concerned about today?" This question demonstrates the essential skill of Compassion, one of the Four Cs, by showing empathy and understanding towards the patient's feelings and emotions. Option A is incorrect because it focuses on blame or causality, which does not align with the principles of the Four Cs. Option C is incorrect as it may be perceived as judgmental towards the patient's traditions, lacking the necessary empathy and respect. Option D is incorrect as it does not address the patient's immediate concerns or emotions, failing to establish a therapeutic relationship. Educationally, understanding and applying communication frameworks like the Four Cs in nursing practice is crucial for building effective nurse-patient relationships, promoting patient-centered care, and enhancing overall patient outcomes. By asking open-ended, compassionate questions like the one in the correct answer, nurses can better assess and address the holistic needs of their patients.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In maternal newborn nursing, it is crucial to understand the importance of vitamin K administration to newborns. The correct answer is D) Vastus lateralis muscle. This site is appropriate for newborns because it has a well-developed muscle mass, making it ideal for intramuscular injections. The gluteal muscles (option A) are not recommended due to the risk of injury to the sciatic nerve. The rectus femoris muscle (option B) is not commonly used in newborns for injections. The deltoid muscle (option C) is not preferred in newborns due to its small size and proximity to the brachial plexus, which could lead to nerve damage. Educationally, understanding the rationale behind site selection for vitamin K administration in newborns is crucial for safe and effective nursing practice. Proper injection site selection ensures optimal drug absorption and reduces the risk of complications or injuries to the newborn. It is essential for maternal newborn nurses to be knowledgeable about best practices in newborn care to provide high-quality and safe care to newborns and their families.