A client is taking Somatropin to stimulate growth. The healthcare provider should plan to monitor the client's urine for which of the following?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: When a client is taking Somatropin to stimulate growth, monitoring urine for calcium is essential. Somatropin can lead to increased calcium levels in the urine, potentially increasing the risk of renal calculi formation. Therefore, assessing for calcium in the urine helps in early detection and prevention of this complication.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct statement the nurse should include is option A) "You should use a soft-bristled toothbrush to prevent bleeding." This is the most appropriate advice because chemotherapy can cause thrombocytopenia, a condition characterized by a low platelet count, which increases the risk of bleeding. Using a soft-bristled toothbrush reduces the chance of gum injury and bleeding. Option B) "You should take aspirin for minor aches and pains" is incorrect because aspirin can further increase the risk of bleeding in a patient with thrombocytopenia due to its antiplatelet effects. Option C) "You should avoid contact with individuals who recently received live virus vaccines" is incorrect as it is not directly related to the adverse effects of chemotherapy in this context. Option D) "You should consume a diet low in protein to reduce the risk of renal damage" is incorrect because a low-protein diet is not typically recommended for cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy unless specifically indicated for a different medical reason. Educationally, it is crucial for nurses to provide accurate information to patients undergoing chemotherapy to minimize potential complications and improve their quality of life during treatment. Understanding the specific adverse effects of chemotherapy and how to manage them is essential for patient safety and well-being.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Fever. Rituximab is a monoclonal antibody used to treat conditions like certain types of cancers and autoimmune diseases. One of the potential side effects of rituximab is infusion reactions, which can manifest as fever. By instructing the client to report fever, the nurse can monitor for any serious adverse reactions promptly. Option A) Dizziness is less likely to be directly related to rituximab and is a common side effect of many medications but not a specific concern with this drug. Option C) Urinary frequency is not typically associated with rituximab use and may not be a significant concern in this context. Option D) Dry mouth is also not a common or serious side effect of rituximab, so it is not the priority finding to report. Educationally, understanding the side effects and potential adverse reactions of medications is crucial for nurses to ensure the safety and well-being of their clients. Teaching clients to recognize and report specific symptoms can aid in early detection and management of any complications, thereby improving outcomes.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of starting therapy with doxorubicin, a nurse should instruct the client to report a sore throat. This is because doxorubicin is an anthracycline chemotherapy drug that can cause severe adverse effects on the bone marrow, leading to myelosuppression and increased risk of infection. A sore throat could be an early sign of an infection, which can be life-threatening in immunocompromised patients receiving chemotherapy. Hair loss (option A) and fatigue (option B) are common side effects of doxorubicin, but they are not typically considered urgent or serious enough to report immediately. Red urine (option D) is a rare but known side effect of doxorubicin, caused by the excretion of a metabolite. While it may be alarming to the client, it is not typically a cause for immediate concern unless accompanied by other symptoms. From an educational perspective, it is crucial for nurses to understand the specific adverse effects of chemotherapy drugs like doxorubicin to provide optimal patient care. Teaching clients to report early signs of infection can help prevent serious complications and improve outcomes during cancer treatment. This rationale reinforces the importance of patient education and monitoring for adverse effects in pharmacological therapy.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In pharmacology, it is crucial for nurses to understand the side effects and monitoring parameters associated with specific medications to ensure safe and effective patient care. In this case, the correct answer is A) Hypertension. Bevacizumab is a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor commonly used in cancer treatment. One of the known side effects of bevacizumab is hypertension. VEGF plays a role in regulating blood vessel growth, and inhibiting it can lead to vasoconstriction and subsequent elevation in blood pressure. Option B) Hypokalemia, C) Hyperglycemia, and D) Hypocalcemia are not typically associated with bevacizumab therapy. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for nurses to prioritize monitoring efforts and detect potential adverse effects promptly. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of pharmacological knowledge in nursing practice. Nurses must be able to recognize medication side effects, understand the rationale behind monitoring specific parameters, and intervene appropriately to ensure patient safety and optimal outcomes. By mastering pharmacology concepts, nurses can provide comprehensive care and contribute to positive patient experiences.