A client is taking Furosemide for heart failure. Which of the following laboratory tests should the nurse monitor to assess for an adverse effect of this medication?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Furosemide, a loop diuretic commonly used in heart failure, can cause hypokalemia (low potassium levels) as a side effect. Monitoring serum potassium levels is crucial to detect and prevent complications associated with low potassium levels, such as cardiac arrhythmias. Therefore, the nurse should prioritize assessing the client's serum potassium levels regularly while on Furosemide.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct instruction for a client using a Nicotine transdermal patch is to apply the patch at the same time each day. This helps maintain consistent blood levels of nicotine throughout the treatment period, which can aid in reducing cravings for smoking. Consistency in the application time is essential for the effectiveness of the patch.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct instruction for a client prescribed Docusate Sodium is to take the medication with a full glass of water. Docusate sodium is a stool softener, and taking it with water helps to soften the stool and make bowel movements easier. It is important to ensure an adequate intake of fluids when taking stool softeners to prevent constipation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of pharmacology and the treatment of chronic pancreatitis, the correct instruction for a client prescribed Pancrelipase is to take the medication with meals and snacks (Option A). This is because Pancrelipase is an enzyme replacement therapy that helps in the digestion of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates. Taking Pancrelipase with meals and snacks ensures that the enzymes are available to aid in the digestion of food, thus improving nutrient absorption. Option B, chewing the tablet thoroughly before swallowing, is incorrect as Pancrelipase is usually available in capsule form and should not be chewed. Chewing the tablet can affect the enteric coating of the medication, which is designed to protect the enzymes from stomach acid. Option C, taking the medication 1 hour before meals, is also incorrect because Pancrelipase should be taken with meals to optimize its effectiveness in aiding digestion. Taking it before meals may not provide the necessary enzyme support during the digestive process. Option D, expecting the stool to be yellow, is not a crucial instruction for the client to know for proper medication administration. While it is true that Pancrelipase can sometimes cause a change in stool color, focusing on this aspect may not be as relevant as understanding the timing of medication administration. In an educational context, it is essential for nurses to understand the rationale behind medication instructions to ensure safe and effective patient care. By emphasizing the importance of taking Pancrelipase with meals and snacks, nurses can help patients maximize the benefits of the medication and manage their condition more effectively.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is A) Dry cough. Enalapril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor commonly prescribed for hypertension and heart failure. One of the most common adverse effects of ACE inhibitors like Enalapril is a persistent dry cough, which occurs due to the accumulation of bradykinin in the lungs. This side effect is unique to ACE inhibitors and can be bothersome for patients. Now, let's discuss why the other options are incorrect: - B) Hyperglycemia is not a common adverse effect of Enalapril. In fact, ACE inhibitors are known to have a neutral or even beneficial effect on blood glucose levels. - C) Weight gain is not a typical adverse effect of Enalapril. In fact, ACE inhibitors are often associated with weight loss or maintenance. - D) Increased urination is not a common adverse effect of Enalapril. ACE inhibitors do not typically have a diuretic effect. Educationally, understanding the common adverse effects of medications is crucial for nurses to educate patients on what to expect and monitor for. By knowing the specific side effects of Enalapril, nurses can provide targeted and effective patient education, leading to better medication adherence and management of potential complications.