A client is starting to take amitriptyline. The healthcare provider should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Urinary retention is a common anticholinergic effect associated with amitriptyline, a tricyclic antidepressant. Amitriptyline can cause relaxation of the bladder sphincter muscles, leading to urinary retention. Monitoring for this adverse effect is crucial to prevent complications and ensure prompt intervention if needed.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Metoclopramide. Metoclopramide is a prokinetic agent that enhances gastric emptying and is commonly prescribed for diabetic patients with gastroparesis to alleviate symptoms like nausea. It works by increasing the contractions of the stomach and small intestines, thus helping to move food through the digestive system more efficiently. Option A) Lubiprostone is a medication used for chronic constipation and irritable bowel syndrome with constipation, not for gastroparesis. Option C) Bisacodyl is a stimulant laxative used to treat constipation by stimulating bowel movements, which is not indicated for treating gastroparesis. Option D) Loperamide is an antidiarrheal agent that slows down gut motility and is used to treat diarrhea, which is not appropriate for managing gastroparesis symptoms. In an educational context, it is important for pharmacology students to understand the mechanism of action of different medications and how they are specifically used in various clinical situations. Understanding the rationale behind selecting the correct medication for a given condition is crucial for safe and effective patient care.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of starting Alfuzosin for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia, it is crucial for the nurse to educate the client about the potential adverse effects of this medication. The correct answer is C) Hypotension. Alfuzosin is an alpha-1 adrenergic blocker, which works by relaxing the smooth muscles in the prostate and bladder neck, improving urine flow and reducing symptoms of BPH. However, a common side effect of alpha-1 blockers like Alfuzosin is orthostatic hypotension, where a sudden drop in blood pressure occurs when moving from sitting to standing, leading to symptoms like dizziness or lightheadedness. Option A) Bradycardia is not typically associated with Alfuzosin use, as it does not have a significant effect on heart rate. Option B) Edema is also not a common adverse effect of Alfuzosin. Option D) Tremor is not a typical side effect of this medication as well. Educationally, understanding the potential adverse effects of medications is essential for both clients and healthcare providers to ensure safe and effective treatment. Nurses play a key role in medication education, empowering clients to recognize and manage possible side effects, thereby promoting adherence and optimal therapeutic outcomes.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, option C "I will report increasing intensity of contractions to my doctor" is the correct answer. This statement demonstrates the client's understanding of the importance of monitoring their contractions while taking Terbutaline, a medication used to prevent preterm labor. By reporting any increase in contraction intensity, the client can help their healthcare provider assess the effectiveness of the medication and take appropriate action to prevent preterm labor complications. Option A "I can increase my activity now that I've started on this medication" is incorrect as increased activity can potentially exacerbate preterm labor. Option B "I will increase my daily fluid intake to 3 quarts" is also incorrect as excessive fluid intake may not be necessary and could lead to other complications. Option D "I am glad this will prevent preterm labor" is incorrect as Terbutaline helps manage preterm labor but does not guarantee prevention. In an educational context, it is crucial for clients to understand the significance of medication instructions and monitoring while managing conditions like preterm labor. Empowering clients with knowledge about their condition and medication can lead to better outcomes and informed decision-making in their healthcare journey.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Before initiating Calcitonin-salmon, a skin test for allergy to the medication may be performed to prevent anaphylactic reactions. Allergic reactions can occur due to sensitivities to the drug, particularly in individuals with fish allergies. Therefore, it is essential for healthcare providers to assess the client's potential allergic response to Calcitonin-salmon through a skin test.