ATI RN
Endocrine System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client is scheduled to have a glycosylated hemoglobin (A1C) drawn and asks the nurse why she has to have it. How would the nurse respond?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct Answer: A Rationale: 1. A glycosylated hemoglobin (A1C) test measures the average blood glucose level over the past 3 months. 2. It is important for monitoring and managing diabetes. 3. The test reflects long-term blood sugar control, providing valuable information about diabetes management. 4. The nurse should explain this to the client to emphasize the significance of the test in managing their health. Summary: B: Incorrect. A1C does not determine anemia type. C: Incorrect. A1C does not measure liver glycogen. D: Incorrect. A1C does not diagnose leukemia or blood cancer.
Question 2 of 5
A 78-year-old male with Parkinson’s disease experiences worsening of his symptoms. He is already taking levodopa. Since the disease is characterized by degeneration of dopaminergic neurons, leading to the lack of inhibition of cholinergic neurons, the addition of which medication is likely to help alleviate the patient’s symptoms?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Benztropine. Benztropine is an anticholinergic medication that helps alleviate Parkinson's disease symptoms by blocking the excess activity of acetylcholine, which is increased due to the lack of dopaminergic inhibition. This leads to a rebalancing of neurotransmitters in the brain, improving motor symptoms. Choice B: Reserpine depletes neurotransmitters including dopamine, worsening Parkinson's symptoms. Choice C: Doxazosin is an alpha-blocker used for hypertension, not Parkinson's disease. Choice D: Timolol is a beta-blocker used for glaucoma, not Parkinson's disease.
Question 3 of 5
Donepezil is a reversible anti-cholinesterase used in the treatment of:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Donepezil is used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease because it is a reversible anti-cholinesterase that helps improve cognitive function by increasing levels of acetylcholine in the brain. This neurotransmitter is important for memory and learning, which are affected in Alzheimer's disease. Choice A (Glaucoma) is incorrect because Donepezil does not treat this condition. Choice B (Bradycardia) is incorrect because Donepezil does not affect heart rate. Choice C (Urine retention) is incorrect because Donepezil does not have any impact on urinary function. In summary, the correct answer is D (Alzheimer's disease) because Donepezil's mechanism of action aligns with the cognitive deficits seen in this condition, while the other choices are not related to the drug's pharmacological effects.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following is not a therapeutic use of adrenaline:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: To treat hypertension. Adrenaline, also known as epinephrine, is not typically used to treat hypertension because it can worsen high blood pressure due to its vasoconstrictive effects. Adrenaline is used to prolong the action of local anesthetics (A), stop epistaxis (B), and treat anaphylaxis (D) due to its ability to constrict blood vessels and increase heart rate in emergency situations.
Question 5 of 5
Each of the following types of receptors is correctly matched with the response resulting from its stimulation EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Nicotinic receptors are not associated with decreased gastric acid secretion, but rather with muscle contraction at neuromuscular junctions. A: Muscarinic receptors stimulation leads to decreased heart rate via parasympathetic activation. C: Activation of alpha adrenergic receptors causes vasoconstriction and increased blood pressure. D: Stimulation of beta adrenergic receptors results in bronchodilation and increased heart rate. Therefore, choice B is the exception as it does not match the typical response of nicotinic receptors.