A client is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take when caring for a client receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is to change the TPN tubing every 24 hours. This practice helps reduce the risk of infection in clients receiving parenteral nutrition. Measuring the client's blood glucose level every 6 hours is important for clients on insulin therapy or with diabetes, but it is not directly related to TPN administration. Weighing the client weekly is essential for monitoring fluid status and nutritional progress, but it is not specific to TPN care. Administering TPN through a peripheral IV line is incorrect because TPN solutions are hypertonic and can cause phlebitis or thrombosis if administered through a peripheral line; a central venous access is typically used for TPN administration.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of dietary management for a client with osteoporosis, recommending yogurt (Option C) is appropriate due to its high calcium content, which is essential for maintaining bone health. Yogurt is a good source of calcium, a mineral crucial for bone strength and density. Adequate calcium intake is particularly important for individuals with osteoporosis to help prevent further bone loss. Almonds (Option A) are also a good source of calcium, but not as high as yogurt. Spinach (Option B) contains oxalates, which can inhibit calcium absorption, making it not the best choice for someone with osteoporosis. Carrots (Option D) are not significant sources of calcium, so they would not be the best recommendation for a client with osteoporosis. Educationally, it is essential to teach individuals with osteoporosis about the importance of calcium-rich foods in their diet to support bone health. Emphasizing the difference in calcium content among various food options can help individuals make informed choices to manage their condition effectively.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. A weight gain of 1.5 kg (3.3 lb) in 24 hours can indicate fluid retention and worsening heart failure in clients taking digoxin. This rapid weight gain could be due to fluid accumulation, a common sign of heart failure exacerbation. Reporting this finding to the provider is crucial for prompt intervention. Choices A, B, and C are within normal ranges and not directly indicative of worsening heart failure in this context, making them less urgent to report compared to the significant weight gain.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take is to flush the tube with 30 mL of sterile water before each feeding. This helps maintain tube patency and prevents clogs. Choice B is incorrect because enteral feedings should be administered using a gravity drip method or a pump, not through a large-bore syringe. Choice C is incorrect because the head of the bed should be elevated to at least 30 degrees to reduce the risk of aspiration. Choice D is incorrect because the feeding bag should be replaced every 24 hours to prevent bacterial contamination.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: "I will take this medication in the morning before breakfast." Levothyroxine should be taken in the morning before breakfast to improve absorption and effectiveness. Choice A is incorrect because the duration of levothyroxine therapy is usually long-term and not limited to 3 months. Choice B is incorrect because levothyroxine should not be taken with antacids as they may decrease its absorption. Choice C is incorrect because there is no need to avoid foods that contain iodine while taking levothyroxine.