ATI RN
Free Medical Surgical Certification Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client is receiving oxygen therapy via nasal cannula. Which finding indicates that the therapy is effective?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because the ability to ambulate without dyspnea indicates effective oxygen therapy. When a client can move without experiencing difficulty breathing, it suggests that the oxygen therapy is adequately supporting their oxygenation needs. In contrast, options B, C, and D do not directly indicate the effectiveness of oxygen therapy. Option B (respiratory rate of 24 breaths per minute) may be within normal range but does not confirm the therapy's efficacy. Option C (oxygen saturation of 92%) is below the desired range of 95-100%, indicating inadequate oxygenation. Option D (productive cough) is unrelated to the assessment of oxygen therapy effectiveness.
Question 2 of 5
A client has a mediastinal chest tube. Which symptom requires the nurse's immediate intervention?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Tracheal deviation. Tracheal deviation indicates a tension pneumothorax, a life-threatening emergency that requires immediate intervention to prevent respiratory compromise. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Production of pink sputum may indicate bleeding but does not require immediate intervention unless severe. C: Drainage greater than 70 mL/hr may indicate a potential issue with the chest tube, but it does not require immediate intervention unless accompanied by other symptoms. D: Sudden onset of shortness of breath is concerning but not as immediately life-threatening as tracheal deviation in this context.
Question 3 of 5
When teaching a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) about nutrition, what information should be included? (Select all that apply)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Eat high-fiber foods to promote gastric emptying. In COPD, patients may experience slow gastric emptying due to decreased lung function. High-fiber foods can help with digestion and prevent constipation. A: Avoid drinking fluids just before and during meals - Incorrect. Hydration is important for COPD patients, but timing of fluid intake is not directly related to nutrition in this context. B: Rest before meals if experiencing dyspnea - Incorrect. While resting before meals can help with dyspnea, it is not directly related to nutrition education. C: Have about six small meals a day - Incorrect. While small frequent meals may be beneficial for some COPD patients, this is not a universal recommendation for all individuals with COPD in terms of nutrition.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse collaborates with a respiratory therapist to complete pulmonary function tests (PFTs) for a client. Which statements should the nurse include in communications with the respiratory therapist prior to the tests? (Select all that apply)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because it communicates important information to the respiratory therapist regarding the client's readiness for the PFTs. Going down to radiology indicates the client is prepared for the examination, which ensures the test can be conducted smoothly. Rationale: A: Holding the client's morning bronchodilator medication may impact test results, but this information is more relevant for the healthcare provider interpreting the results, not the respiratory therapist conducting the test. C: Physical therapy's statement about running on a treadmill is irrelevant to the PFTs and does not impact the collaboration between the nurse and respiratory therapist. D: Advising the client not to smoke for 6 hours prior to the test is important for accurate results, but this information is more pertinent for the client and healthcare provider interpreting the results, not the respiratory therapist conducting the test.
Question 5 of 5
A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is being assessed by a nurse. Which finding should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increased anterior-posterior (AP) chest diameter. In COPD, air trapping causes hyperinflation of the lungs, leading to an increase in the AP chest diameter known as barrel chest. This is a classic physical finding in patients with COPD due to chronic airway obstruction. Explanation of other choices: B: Decreased respiratory rate - In COPD, patients typically have an increased respiratory rate due to difficulty breathing. C: Weight gain - Weight gain is not a typical finding in COPD and is more often associated with other medical conditions or lifestyle factors. D: Productive cough with yellow sputum - While a productive cough is common in COPD, yellow sputum is more indicative of a bacterial infection rather than COPD alone.