A client is receiving discharge instructions for a new prescription of Prednisone. Which of the following dietary instructions should be included?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: When a client is prescribed Prednisone, there is a risk of potassium depletion due to the medication. Therefore, it is essential to increase the intake of potassium-rich foods such as bananas, oranges, and spinach to help maintain adequate potassium levels in the body and prevent complications associated with low potassium levels.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is A) 200 mL/hr. To determine the correct infusion rate, we first need to calculate the total volume of the medication to be infused over 30 minutes. The clindamycin injection is 200 mg in 100 mL, so the total volume to be infused is 100 mL. Since the infusion is over 30 minutes, we need to convert this time to hours (30 minutes = 0.5 hours). To find the rate in mL/hr, we divide the total volume by the time in hours: 100 mL / 0.5 hours = 200 mL/hr Option B) 150 mL/hr is incorrect because it does not reflect the correct calculation based on the total volume and infusion time provided. Option C) 100 mL/hr is incorrect because it does not consider the appropriate rate needed to infuse the total volume over 30 minutes. Option D) 250 mL/hr is incorrect because it does not align with the calculated rate required to infuse the medication correctly over the specified time frame. Educationally, understanding how to calculate infusion rates is crucial for healthcare professionals to ensure accurate medication administration and patient safety. It involves applying mathematical concepts to real-world clinical scenarios, emphasizing the importance of precise calculations in pharmacology practice.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is A) 6.5 mL. To calculate the correct dosage, we need to use the formula: Desired dose/Have dose x Quantity. Given: Desired dose = 650 mg Have dose = 500 mg/5 mL Quantity = unknown (let's call it X mL) First, we need to find out how many mL contain 650 mg of acetaminophen: (500 mg/5 mL) x X mL = 650 mg Solving for X, we get X = (650 mg x 5 mL) / 500 mg = 6.5 mL Educational context: Understanding medication dosage calculations is crucial for healthcare professionals to ensure safe and accurate administration of medications. This question tests the ability to calculate the correct dosage based on the provided information and conversion factors. It also reinforces the importance of double-checking calculations to prevent medication errors. Why the other options are wrong: - Option B) 7 mL is incorrect because the precise calculation results in 6.5 mL, not 7 mL. - Option C) 5 mL is incorrect as it does not provide the full 650 mg dosage required. - Option D) 8 mL is incorrect as it overestimates the required dosage based on the calculation.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D) Change positions slowly when you move from sitting to standing. This instruction is crucial when taking antihypertensive medications, as they can cause orthostatic hypotension, leading to a drop in blood pressure upon standing. By advising the client to change positions slowly, the nurse helps prevent dizziness, falls, and related complications. Option A is incorrect because antihypertensive medications like ACE inhibitors or ARBs may actually increase potassium levels, so limiting potassium intake is not necessary unless advised by a healthcare provider. Option B is incorrect because checking blood pressure every 8 hours is excessive and not a standard practice for monitoring blood pressure in this context. Option C is incorrect because tachycardia (rapid heart rate) is not a typical indication for increasing the dosage of antihypertensive medication. Dosage adjustments are usually based on blood pressure readings and overall response to the medication. In an educational context, understanding the rationale behind each instruction is vital for nurses to provide safe and effective patient care. Teaching patients about medication side effects and necessary precautions empowers them to manage their health and adhere to treatment regimens effectively.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In a situation where a client presents with Benzodiazepine toxicity, the priority action for the nurse is to assess the client. By identifying the client's level of orientation, the nurse can gather crucial information about the client's mental status, which is essential for determining the appropriate care and interventions needed. Administering flumazenil, infusing IV fluids, or preparing for gastric lavage may be necessary interventions but should follow a thorough assessment of the client's condition.