A client is prescribed with Pentamidine (Pentam) IV for the treatment of Pneumocystis carinii

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: A sudden increase in temperature in a client receiving Pentamidine IV for the treatment of Pneumocystis carinii is most likely an indication that the client has developed another infection. Pentamidine is an antiparasitic medication used to treat Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in immunocompromised individuals such as those with HIV/AIDS. An increase in temperature could be a sign of a new or worsening infection, especially in patients who are already immunocompromised. It is important for the nurse to monitor the client closely for signs of infection and notify the healthcare provider if there are any concerning symptoms.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Albuterol is an example of a bronchodilator medication commonly used to treat respiratory conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Bronchodilators work by relaxing the muscles in the airways, which helps to open up the air passages and improve airflow to the lungs. This action can help relieve symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness. Albuterol is typically administered via inhalation to provide quick relief during an asthma attack or COPD exacerbation.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Alprazolam is a medication commonly used in treating anxiety disorders, panic disorders, and anxiety associated with depression. It belongs to a class of drugs known as benzodiazepines, which act on the central nervous system to produce a calming effect. Alprazolam helps to reduce feelings of anxiety and promote relaxation by enhancing the activity of certain neurotransmitters in the brain. It is not used for relief of drowsiness, bronchospasms, or cardiac arrest.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Methylparaben is a preservative commonly found in local anesthetic solutions. Its function is not as an anesthetic, antioxidant, or antiseptic. Instead, methylparaben is added to local anesthetic solutions as a vasoconstrictor. Vasoconstrictors work by causing blood vessels to narrow, which helps to reduce bleeding and increase the duration and effectiveness of the local anesthetic by slowing down the absorption of anesthesia into the bloodstream.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Phenolic germicidal agents are commonly used as disinfectants due to their ability to kill microorganisms. Hexachlorophene is one type of phenolic germicidal agent that has been used as a surgical scrub in the past. It has antiseptic properties and can effectively reduce the number of bacteria on the skin, making it suitable for use in sterile environments such as surgical procedures. While phenolic germicidal agents do possess antibacterial properties, they do not typically have topical anesthetic effects like some other types of disinfectants. Additionally, while phenolic agents are used in various dental procedures, they are not specifically used in root canal therapy. The examples provided in the last statement, formocresol, cresantin, and eugenol, are not phenolic germicidal agents but rather dental materials used for different purposes.