ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client is prescribed with Pentamidine (Pentam) IV for the treatment of Pneumocystis carinii
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A sudden increase in temperature (fever) to 101.5°F in a client receiving Pentamidine IV for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia would most likely indicate the client has developed another infection. This is because Pentamidine IV is an antibiotic used to treat Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, and a new fever during treatment would suggest a new or persistent infection causing the elevated temperature. It is important for the nurse to assess the client further and consider additional diagnostic tests or treatments for the new infection while continuing to monitor and manage the initial condition for which Pentamidine was prescribed.
Question 2 of 5
A patient reports having adverse effects with nicotinic acid (niacin). The nurse can suggest performing which action to minimize these undesirable effects?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Taking an aspirin tablet 30 minutes before taking nicotinic acid (niacin) can help minimize the undesirable effects such as flushing, itching, and rash. Aspirin helps to reduce these side effects by blocking the prostaglandin synthesis that mediates the flushing response associated with niacin therapy. This intervention can improve medication adherence and tolerance in patients who experience discomfort with nicotinic acid therapy.
Question 3 of 5
What patient history would the nurse recognize as a contraindication for beginning Niacin therapy?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Gout is a metabolic disorder characterized by elevated levels of uric acid in the blood, which can be exacerbated by niacin therapy. Niacin can increase uric acid levels, potentially leading to gout flare-ups in patients with a history of gout. Therefore, a history of gout would be recognized as a contraindication for beginning Niacin therapy.
Question 4 of 5
A patient has had recent mechanical heart valve surgery and is receiving anticoagulant therapy. While monitoring the patient™s laboratory work, the nurse interprets that the patient™s international normalized ratio (INR) level of 3 indicates that:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An international normalized ratio (INR) level of 3 is within the recommended therapeutic range for patients on anticoagulant therapy, particularly those with mechanical heart valve surgery. The target INR range for patients with mechanical heart valves is typically between 2.5 to 3.5. An INR of 3 indicates that the patient™s warfarin dose is at the appropriate therapeutic levels to prevent blood clots while minimizing the risk of bleeding complications. It is essential to closely monitor and adjust the patient's warfarin dose based on their INR levels to maintain a balance between preventing clot formation and avoiding excessive bleeding.
Question 5 of 5
the antidote for Warfarin is?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Warfarin is an oral anticoagulant that works by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors in the liver. Therefore, the antidote for Warfarin overdose or to reverse its effects is vitamin K. Vitamin K helps in replenishing the depleted vitamin K-dependent clotting factors, allowing the blood to clot normally again. Administering vitamin K helps in reversing the anticoagulant effects of Warfarin, preventing excessive bleeding or hemorrhage.