ATI RN
ATI Proctored Exam Pharmacology Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client is prescribed docusate sodium (Colace) for constipation. Which statement by the client indicates understanding?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Docusate, a stool softener, prevents straining by drawing water into stool. Drinking more water enhances this, showing understanding. It works in 1-3 days, not hours or immediately . Milk isn't needed. Hydration aligns with docusate's mechanism, key in constipation where moisture matters, making B the correct statement.
Question 2 of 5
What is the classification of Ondansetron?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ondansetron is classified as an antiemetic. It is commonly used to prevent nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery. Antiemetics work by blocking serotonin, a natural substance in the body that can trigger nausea and vomiting. Ondansetron specifically targets serotonin receptors in the brain, preventing the sensation of nausea and reducing the urge to vomit. Therefore, the correct classification for Ondansetron is as an antiemetic agent.
Question 3 of 5
A patient who has recently started therapy on a statin drug asks the nurse how long it will take until he sees an effect on his serum cholesterol. Which statement would be the nurse™s best response?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse's best response would be, It takes 6 to 8 weeks to see a change in cholesterol levels. Statin drugs typically start to show an effect on lowering cholesterol levels within 6 to 8 weeks of starting therapy. It may take some time for the medication to reach its maximum effectiveness, but a noticeable change can usually be seen within this time frame. Monitoring cholesterol levels through blood tests is important to assess the effectiveness of the medication and make any necessary adjustments to the treatment plan.
Question 4 of 5
A patient is taken to the trauma unit after a motorcycle accident. It is estimated that he has lost 30% of his blood volume and he is in hypovolemic shock. The nurse anticipates a transfusion with which blood product?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In the case of a hypovolemic shock due to significant blood loss, the primary concern is to restore the lost blood volume quickly. Packed Red Blood Cells (PRBCs) contain a high concentration of red blood cells and are used to replenish oxygen-carrying capacity in cases of hemorrhage. PRBCs are the most appropriate blood product in this scenario as they can effectively increase the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood without overloading the patient with excess fluid volume like whole blood. Whole blood contains not only red blood cells but also plasma and other components, which may not be necessary for immediate volume resuscitation. Cryoprecipitate and Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP) are usually indicated for specific coagulation factor deficiencies and are not the primary choice for treating hypovolemic shock. Thus, in this case, PRBCs are the most suitable blood product to address the acute blood loss and restore
Question 5 of 5
When monitoring a patient who has diabetes and is receiving a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor for edema, the nurse will monitor for which possible adverse effect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors such as acetazolamide are commonly used to treat edema by promoting diuresis. However, one notable adverse effect of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors in patients with diabetes is the potential to elevate blood glucose levels. These medications can lead to an increase in blood glucose due to their effect on renal glucose reabsorption, resulting in hyperglycemia. Therefore, when monitoring a patient with diabetes who is receiving a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor for edema, it is crucial for the nurse to closely monitor the patient's blood glucose levels to prevent any adverse effects related to hyperglycemia.