A client is prescribed Diltiazem. Which of the following findings should the nurse monitor?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the case of a client prescribed Diltiazem, the nurse should monitor for bradycardia. Diltiazem is a calcium channel blocker that works by slowing the heart rate and reducing blood pressure. Therefore, bradycardia, or a slow heart rate, can be an expected effect of this medication. Monitoring for bradycardia is important to ensure that the client is not experiencing a dangerously slow heart rate that could compromise perfusion. The other options can be ruled out based on the pharmacological actions of Diltiazem. Tachycardia (option A) is unlikely because Diltiazem works to slow the heart rate. Hypertension (option C) is also unlikely as Diltiazem is used to treat high blood pressure. Hyperkalemia (option D) is not a direct effect of Diltiazem, as it does not typically impact potassium levels in the body. Educationally, understanding the pharmacological effects of medications is crucial for nurses to provide safe and effective care to their patients. By knowing the expected outcomes and potential side effects of medications like Diltiazem, nurses can monitor for and address any complications that may arise, ensuring the best possible outcomes for their clients.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Nifedipine, a calcium channel blocker, can lead to peripheral edema as an adverse effect. The nurse should monitor the client for swelling in the lower extremities, as it indicates the onset of edema. Hypertension is typically treated with Nifedipine and is not an adverse effect of the medication. Hyperglycemia and bradycardia are not commonly associated with Nifedipine use.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Amlodipine, a calcium channel blocker, can lead to peripheral edema as an adverse effect. The nurse should assess the client for swelling in the lower extremities, a common manifestation of this side effect. Monitoring for peripheral edema is crucial to ensure early detection and appropriate management.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is A) Tachycardia. Hydralazine is a direct-acting vasodilator that works by relaxing the smooth muscle in blood vessels, leading to vasodilation and subsequently decreased blood pressure. One common adverse effect of Hydralazine is reflex tachycardia, where the body compensates for the sudden drop in blood pressure by increasing the heart rate. Option B) Hyperglycemia is not typically associated with Hydralazine use. Hydralazine's primary impact is on blood pressure regulation, not glucose levels. Option C) Hyponatremia is also not a common adverse effect of Hydralazine. This medication primarily affects blood pressure by dilating blood vessels and does not directly impact sodium levels in the body. Option D) Constipation is not a known adverse effect of Hydralazine. Constipation is more commonly associated with medications that affect the gastrointestinal system. Educationally, understanding the common side effects of medications is crucial for nurses to provide safe and effective care to clients. Teaching clients about potential adverse effects empowers them to monitor for and report any concerning symptoms promptly. This knowledge helps prevent complications and ensures optimal medication management for improved health outcomes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct instruction for a client prescribed Nitrofurantoin is to take the medication with food. Taking Nitrofurantoin with food helps enhance absorption and reduces the risk of gastrointestinal side effects. It is important for the nurse to emphasize this instruction to ensure the client benefits optimally from the medication.