ATI RN
ATI Intro to Pharmacology Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client is prescribed Colchicine. After taking three doses, the client complains of nausea, vomiting, and loose bowel stools. Which of the following should the client do?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea are signs of colchicine toxicity, which can be life-threatening. The client should stop taking the medication and notify the physician immediately. Continuing the medication or adjusting the dose without medical advice can exacerbate the toxicity. Colchicine has a narrow therapeutic index, and close monitoring is required to prevent adverse effects.
Question 2 of 5
A history of which of the following is a contraindication to short-term HRT to prevent menopausal vasomotor symptoms and menopausal vaginitis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Short-term HRT (estrogen ± progestin) relieves menopausal symptoms. Depression isn't a contraindication; HRT may improve mood. Breast cancer is a absolute contraindication due to estrogen's proliferative risk, outweighing benefits. Hysterectomy allows estrogen-only HRT, bronchitis and eczema are unrelated. Breast cancer's link to estrogen drives this restriction, critical for safe hormone use.
Question 3 of 5
Clearance:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Clearance (CL = rate of elimination / plasma concentration) is the amount of drug removed per unit time relative to concentration, a true statement defining its calculation. It's constant for first-order kinetics drugs at therapeutic levels, true. Lithium's clearance is moderate, not very high, handled by kidneys, so that's false. Phenytoin's clearance decreases with concentration (zero-order at high doses), not independent, making that false. Clearance isn't inversely proportional to Vd but related via half-life. This definition is essential for dosing regimens, ensuring steady-state maintenance.
Question 4 of 5
The student nurse has completed an initial pharmacology course and tells the nursing instructor that it was difficult and she is glad it is over. What is the best response by the nursing instructor?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pharmacology's complexity means learning is ongoing-new drugs, research, and applications evolve, preventing full mastery and requiring continuous growth. Applying knowledge is true but assumes completion. Painful learning dismisses positivity. Graduate courses are premature. Gradual learning reflects the field's dynamic nature, preparing the student for lifelong education, a realistic and encouraging perspective.
Question 5 of 5
At a dose of 10 mg, drug X lowers total cholesterol by 50 mg/dL, while a maximum drop in cholesterol of 65 mg/dL is achieved at 40 mg. At a dose of 5 mg, drug Y lowers cholesterol by 50 mg/dL, while a maximum drop in cholesterol of 55 mg/dL is achieved at 10 mg. What can be concluded about the efficacy and potency of these two drugs?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is D) Drug Y is more potent, and drug X has a higher efficacy. This conclusion is drawn based on the information provided in the question regarding the dose-response relationship of the two drugs. Potency refers to the amount of drug needed to produce a specific effect, while efficacy refers to the maximum effect a drug can produce. Looking at the data, drug Y achieves a 50 mg/dL reduction in cholesterol at a lower dose (5 mg) compared to drug X (10 mg). This indicates that drug Y is more potent as it achieves the same effect at a lower dose. On the other hand, drug X is capable of achieving a greater maximum reduction in cholesterol (65 mg/dL) compared to drug Y (55 mg/dL). This demonstrates that drug X has a higher efficacy as it can produce a greater maximum effect. Educationally, this question helps students understand the concepts of potency and efficacy in pharmacology. It highlights the importance of considering both factors when comparing the effectiveness of different drugs. By analyzing dose-response relationships, students can make informed decisions about selecting the most appropriate drug based on its potency and efficacy for a particular clinical scenario.