ATI RN
ATI Intro to Pharmacology Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client is prescribed Colchicine. After taking three doses, the client complains of nausea, vomiting, and loose bowel stools. Which of the following should the client do?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea are signs of colchicine toxicity, which can be life-threatening. The client should stop taking the medication and notify the physician immediately. Continuing the medication or adjusting the dose without medical advice can exacerbate the toxicity. Colchicine has a narrow therapeutic index, and close monitoring is required to prevent adverse effects.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse administers atenolol (Tenormin) to a client with hypertension. Which finding would prompt the nurse to hold the dose and notify the physician?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Atenolol, a beta-blocker, lowers blood pressure and heart rate by blocking sympathetic stimulation. A heart rate of 52 bpm is bradycardic (below 60 bpm), a threshold for holding beta-blockers due to risk of inadequate perfusion, especially in hypertension where cardiac output matters. Holding and notifying the physician prevents harm, allowing reassessment. BP of 130/80 is controlled, not urgent. Respiratory rate of 18 and temperature of 98.6°F are normal. Atenolol's selectivity for beta-1 receptors makes bradycardia a key adverse effect, requiring vigilance. This action aligns with nursing protocols for beta-blockers, prioritizing cardiovascular stability, making B the finding warranting immediate intervention.
Question 3 of 5
A patient is in an urgent care center and is receiving treatment for mild hyponatremia after spending several hours doing gardening work in the heat of the day. The nurse expects that which drug therapy will be used to treat this condition?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the scenario described, the patient is experiencing hyponatremia, a condition where there is an imbalance of electrolytes in the body due to excess water intake or loss of sodium-rich fluids like sweat. In this case, the patient has developed mild hyponatremia likely due to the combination of gardening work and exposure to heat.
Question 4 of 5
What is the therapeutic action of Phenytoin?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Phenytoin is an anticonvulsant medication commonly used in the treatment of seizures, including tonic-clonic (grand mal) seizures, complex partial seizures, and seizures occurring during neurosurgery. It works by stabilizing the excitable cell membranes in the brain, thereby reducing abnormal electrical activity that can lead to seizures. Phenytoin is not used as an antidiabetic, mood stabilizer, or antianxiety agent.
Question 5 of 5
The following drugs commonly cause hepatotoxicity:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Paracetamol overdose can cause severe hepatotoxicity due to the accumulation of toxic metabolites.