ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client is prescribed clonidine (Catapres) for hypertension. Which statement by the client indicates effective teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Clonidine, an alpha-2 agonist, lowers BP but risks rebound hypertension if stopped abruptly. Tapering off shows understanding, preventing this danger. Stopping if normal or extra doses risk instability. Chewing isn't advised'oral absorption suffices. Tapering aligns with clonidine's withdrawal risk, critical in hypertension management, making C the statement of effective teaching.
Question 2 of 5
A client is prescribed with Pentamidine (Pentam) IV for the treatment of Pneumocystis carinii
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A sudden increase in temperature (fever) to 101.5°F in a client receiving Pentamidine IV for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia would most likely indicate the client has developed another infection. This is because Pentamidine IV is an antibiotic used to treat Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, and a new fever during treatment would suggest a new or persistent infection causing the elevated temperature. It is important for the nurse to assess the client further and consider additional diagnostic tests or treatments for the new infection while continuing to monitor and manage the initial condition for which Pentamidine was prescribed.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with a creatinine clearance of 20 mL/min is admitted to the medical-surgical unit. The patient is in need of rapid diuresis. Which class of diuretic does the nurse anticipate administering?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Loop diuretics are the most effective diuretics for patients with significantly reduced kidney function, like a creatinine clearance of 20 mL/min. Loop diuretics, such as furosemide, act on the ascending loop of Henle to inhibit sodium and chloride reabsorption. They are able to produce a rapid and potent diuresis even in patients with impaired renal function. This class of diuretics is commonly used in patients with acute kidney injury or chronic kidney disease to promote diuresis and manage fluid overload.
Question 4 of 5
A patient reports having adverse effects with nicotinic acid (niacin). The nurse can suggest performing which action to minimize these undesirable effects?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Taking an aspirin tablet 30 minutes before taking nicotinic acid (niacin) can help minimize the undesirable effects such as flushing, itching, and rash. Aspirin helps to reduce these side effects by blocking the prostaglandin synthesis that mediates the flushing response associated with niacin therapy. This intervention can improve medication adherence and tolerance in patients who experience discomfort with nicotinic acid therapy.
Question 5 of 5
What patient history would the nurse recognize as a contraindication for beginning Niacin therapy?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Gout is a metabolic disorder characterized by elevated levels of uric acid in the blood, which can be exacerbated by niacin therapy. Niacin can increase uric acid levels, potentially leading to gout flare-ups in patients with a history of gout. Therefore, a history of gout would be recognized as a contraindication for beginning Niacin therapy.