ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Study Guide PDF Questions
Question 1 of 9
A client is prescribed ciprofloxacin (Cipro) for a urinary tract infection. Which instruction should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ciprofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone, treats UTIs but causes photosensitivity, risking severe sunburn. Avoiding sun exposure prevents this, a key instruction for safety. Milk reduces absorption via calcium binding, lowering efficacy. Taking it PRN risks incomplete treatment and resistance. Doubling doses courts toxicity. Sun avoidance aligns with ciprofloxacin's side effect profile, critical for outpatient adherence where sun exposure is common. This teaching prevents avoidable harm, distinguishing it from administration errors, making B the essential instruction.
Question 2 of 9
The pregnant patient plans to breastfeed her baby. She asks the nurse about the use of herbal products during breastfeeding. What is the best response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Herbals (e.g., St. John's wort) transfer to breast milk, risking infant effects (e.g., sedation), so avoiding them is safest, per pharmacokinetics. Labels lack consistent breastfeeding data. ‘Natural' doesn't mean safe-some are toxic. Timing doesn't eliminate transfer. Transfer risk advises caution, protecting the baby.
Question 3 of 9
What is the therapeutic levels for digoxin?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The therapeutic levels for digoxin are typically considered to be between 0.5 % 2 ng/mL. This range is associated with optimal therapeutic effects of digoxin in managing heart conditions such as heart failure and atrial fibrillation. Levels below 0.5 ng/mL may be subtherapeutic while levels above 2 ng/mL can lead to toxicity symptoms like nausea, vomiting, visual disturbances, and cardiac arrhythmias. Monitoring digoxin levels within the therapeutic range ensures the medication is effective and safe for the patient.
Question 4 of 9
A client is prescribed ciprofloxacin (Cipro) for a urinary tract infection. Which instruction should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ciprofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone, treats UTIs but causes photosensitivity, risking severe sunburn. Avoiding sun exposure prevents this, a key instruction for safety. Milk reduces absorption via calcium binding, lowering efficacy. Taking it PRN risks incomplete treatment and resistance. Doubling doses courts toxicity. Sun avoidance aligns with ciprofloxacin's side effect profile, critical for outpatient adherence where sun exposure is common. This teaching prevents avoidable harm, distinguishing it from administration errors, making B the essential instruction.
Question 5 of 9
When teaching a patient who has a new prescription for transdermal nitroglycerin patches, the nurse tells the patient that these patches are most appropriately used for which situation?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Transdermal nitroglycerin patches are primarily used for the prevention and management of angina pectoris, a condition characterized by chest pain or discomfort due to reduced blood flow to the heart. Nitroglycerin works by dilating the blood vessels, which helps to improve blood flow to the heart muscle and reduce the workload on the heart. By preventing angina episodes, nitroglycerin patches can help to alleviate chest pain, improve exercise tolerance, and enhance the overall quality of life for patients with angina. It is not used to prevent low blood pressure, relieve shortness of breath, or control heart rate during exercise.
Question 6 of 9
A patient is beginning isoniazid and rifampin treatment for tuberculosis. The nurse gives the patient which instruction?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Adherence to the prescribed regimen is critical in tuberculosis treatment to prevent resistance and ensure efficacy. Skipping doses can lead to treatment failure and drug-resistant TB. Isoniazid and rifampin are typically taken once daily, not three times daily. Antacids can interfere with the absorption of these drugs and should be avoided. There is no specific requirement to take rifampin initially; both drugs should be taken as prescribed.
Question 7 of 9
A 31-year-old male patient has been prescribed propranolol to reduce and prevent angina. What will the nurse assess this patient for related to the medication? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Adverse effects of propranolol that the nurse would assess for include allergic reaction, bradycardia, heart failure, cardiac arrhythmias, cerebrovascular accident, pulmonary edema, gastric pain, flatulence, impotence, decreased exercise tolerance, and bronchospasm. The nurse should monitor for these adverse effects and intervene as needed to ensure patient safety.
Question 8 of 9
Glyceryl trinitrate for angina is most effective when given:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Glyceryl trinitrate, also known as nitroglycerin, is a medication commonly used for the management of angina (chest pain). When administered sublingually (under the tongue), glyceryl trinitrate is rapidly absorbed through the highly vascular sublingual mucosa, leading to a quick onset of action. The sublingual route allows for the drug to enter the bloodstream directly without being metabolized by the liver first, resulting in faster relief of angina symptoms. This makes sublingual administration the most effective route for managing acute episodes of angina. Other routes of administration, such as oral, subcutaneous, intravenous, or intramuscular, would not provide the same rapid and reliable relief for angina.
Question 9 of 9
Adalimumab (Humira) is given to a client for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Which of the following side effect is associated with the medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Adalimumab, a tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitor, is associated with weight gain as a potential side effect. This may occur due to fluid retention or changes in metabolism. Numbness, constipation, and urinary retention are not commonly linked to adalimumab. Weight gain is a significant consideration for patients, as it can impact their overall health and adherence to treatment. Monitoring for this side effect is important, and dietary or lifestyle interventions may be necessary to manage it effectively.