A client is prescribed Amitriptyline for depression. What should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Changing positions slowly can help prevent orthostatic hypotension, a common adverse effect of tricyclic antidepressants like Amitriptyline. It is essential to educate the client to avoid sudden position changes to minimize the risk of dizziness and falls. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Therapeutic effects of Amitriptyline may not be noticeable for 1-3 weeks, so expecting them in 24 to 48 hours (choice A) is unrealistic. Discontinuing the medication abruptly can lead to withdrawal symptoms and should be done gradually under healthcare provider supervision, so choice B is incorrect. Amitriptyline can actually cause constipation, so decreasing dietary fiber intake would not be recommended to control diarrhea, making choice D incorrect.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct instruction for the nurse to include when educating a client with a new prescription for Atorvastatin to treat Hyperlipidemia is to avoid drinking grapefruit juice. Grapefruit juice can increase the blood levels of atorvastatin, leading to an elevated risk of serious side effects such as liver damage and muscle problems. It is essential for the client to be aware of this potential interaction and to follow the nurse's advice to avoid grapefruit juice while taking Atorvastatin.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct client statement indicating an understanding of the teaching is option A: "I should avoid drinking grapefruit juice." This statement shows an understanding of the potential drug interaction between Verapamil and grapefruit juice. Grapefruit juice can inhibit the metabolism of Verapamil, leading to increased drug levels in the body, which can potentiate the medication's effects and increase the risk of adverse reactions. Option B is incorrect because Verapamil is a calcium channel blocker that typically decreases heart rate, so the client should not expect an increase in heart rate while taking this medication. Option C is incorrect as Verapamil does not typically cause urine discoloration. Option D is also incorrect because experiencing headaches does not necessarily indicate that the client should stop taking Verapamil; it is important for the client to consult their healthcare provider before discontinuing any prescribed medication. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of understanding drug-food interactions, specifically the interaction between Verapamil and grapefruit juice. It emphasizes the need for clients to be informed about potential interactions to ensure the safe and effective use of medications to manage hypertension. Encouraging clients to ask questions and seek clarification from healthcare professionals can help prevent medication errors and optimize therapeutic outcomes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is A) Bradycardia. Administering Diltiazem, a calcium channel blocker, to a client with atrial fibrillation aims to slow down the heart rate. Bradycardia, or a heart rate that is too slow, could indicate an excessive response to the medication, potentially leading to adverse effects such as decreased cardiac output or hypotension. Option B) Hypertension would not be an immediate concern in this case, as Diltiazem is used to treat high blood pressure by relaxing blood vessels. Option C) Shortness of breath is a common symptom in various conditions but not directly related to administering Diltiazem. Option D) Tachycardia is the condition the medication is intended to address, so it would not be a cause for immediate concern. Educationally, understanding the expected pharmacological effects of medications is crucial for safe and effective administration. Recognizing potential adverse reactions promptly can prevent serious complications and ensure optimal patient outcomes. Healthcare professionals must be knowledgeable about drug actions, indications, contraindications, and potential side effects to provide quality care to their patients.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct instruction is not to stop taking Propranolol abruptly. Abrupt cessation can lead to rebound hypertension or other cardiac complications. It is essential for the client to taper off the medication gradually under the supervision and guidance of a healthcare provider to avoid adverse effects.