A client is post-operative day 1 and reports a sudden increase in blood-tinged liquid draining from his incision after feeling a popping sensation. What is the nurse's next action?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Assess the wound for signs of dehiscence. This is the appropriate next action because the sudden increase in blood-tinged drainage and popping sensation could indicate a potential wound complication like dehiscence, where the wound edges separate. By assessing the wound, the nurse can gather crucial information about the extent of the issue and determine the appropriate course of action. Option A) Send the client back to surgery is incorrect as it is an extreme measure that should only be considered if there is a severe complication that requires immediate surgical intervention, which is not evident at this point. Option C) Call the provider immediately is not the first step as the nurse should first assess the wound to provide the provider with a detailed report of the situation. Option D) Prepare to culture the wound is premature as wound culture is not the initial step in managing this situation. Assessing the wound for signs of dehiscence and any other complications should come first to guide further interventions. In an educational context, this question highlights the importance of prompt assessment and clinical judgment in post-operative care. Nurses need to be able to recognize signs of potential complications, prioritize actions based on assessment findings, and collaborate effectively with the healthcare team to provide optimal patient care.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the context of rheumatoid arthritis, the correct answer is B) Bilateral joint pain. Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic autoimmune disease that primarily affects the joints symmetrically, meaning it commonly presents with bilateral joint pain. This symmetrical pattern of joint involvement is a key characteristic used in diagnosing rheumatoid arthritis. Option A) Unilateral joint pain is incorrect because rheumatoid arthritis typically involves both sides of the body, not just one side. Option C) Contralateral joint pain is also incorrect as it refers to pain on the opposite side of the body, which is not a typical presentation of rheumatoid arthritis. Option D) Obtuse variety joint pain is not a recognized term in the context of rheumatoid arthritis or any medical condition, making this option incorrect. Educationally, understanding the expected disease pattern of rheumatoid arthritis, such as bilateral joint pain, is crucial for healthcare professionals to accurately diagnose and treat patients. Recognizing this characteristic symptom can lead to early intervention and better management of the disease, ultimately improving patient outcomes.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C) "I can use a warm, moist towel on my arm." This statement indicates understanding of symptom management for cellulitis. Warm, moist compresses can help reduce pain and inflammation associated with cellulitis by improving blood flow and promoting drainage of the infected area. Option A is incorrect because tight bandages can restrict blood flow and exacerbate the condition by trapping bacteria in the affected area. Option B is incorrect because applying heat can also worsen cellulitis by increasing inflammation and spreading the infection. Option D is incorrect because using a cold, dry source can constrict blood vessels and impair the body's ability to fight off the infection. In an educational context, it is important for clients to understand proper symptom management for conditions like cellulitis to promote healing and prevent complications. Teaching clients about the appropriate use of warm, moist compresses can empower them to take an active role in their care and promote better outcomes.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, "I will only need to take HIV medications for 6 months, and I will be cured." This statement would require further teaching because there is currently no cure for HIV, and lifelong medication adherence is essential for managing the virus. Option A, "I will have to be careful and avoid crowds," is correct as individuals with HIV have weakened immune systems and need to avoid exposure to infections in crowded places. Option B, "I will take prescribed medications," is also correct as medication adherence is crucial for controlling HIV and preventing disease progression. Option C, "I will have to take medications for the rest of my life," is the most appropriate statement as HIV is a chronic condition that requires lifelong treatment to manage the virus effectively. Educationally, it is important to emphasize to clients with HIV the importance of lifelong medication adherence, regular medical follow-ups, and a healthy lifestyle to maintain their health and well-being. Providing accurate information and dispelling misconceptions about HIV treatment is crucial in empowering individuals to manage their condition effectively.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is A) Share toothpaste with family members. The rationale behind this is that sharing toothpaste can potentially transmit infections through the exchange of bodily fluids that may be present on the toothbrush or toothpaste tube. This practice can increase the risk of spreading infections, especially for individuals with compromised immune systems like those with AIDS. Option B) Avoid raw fruits and vegetables is incorrect because consuming raw fruits and vegetables is actually encouraged for individuals with AIDS as they provide essential nutrients and vitamins that can help boost the immune system. Option C) Avoid cleaning your toothbrush with bleach is also incorrect as cleaning the toothbrush with bleach is a recommended practice to prevent the growth of harmful bacteria on the toothbrush, which can lead to infections. Option D) Wash your hands thoroughly is an important practice to reduce the risk of infection for individuals with AIDS. Proper hand hygiene is crucial in preventing the spread of infections, and it should be emphasized in the care of these clients. In an educational context, it is essential for nurses to have a solid understanding of infection prevention strategies for clients with AIDS. By teaching clients about proper hygiene practices and what to avoid, nurses can empower them to take control of their health and reduce the risk of infections.