ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Cardiovascular Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client is in the first postoperative day after left femoropopliteal revascularization. Which position would be most appropriate for this client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: In high Fowler's position. This position helps improve lung ventilation, reduces the risk of aspiration, and promotes circulation. It also minimizes the risk of venous stasis and thrombus formation in the lower extremities postoperatively. Choices A, C, and D do not offer the same benefits and may even hinder circulation or increase the risk of complications in the postoperative period.
Question 2 of 5
An infant age 2 months has a tentative diagnosis of congenital heart defect. During physical assessment, the nurse notes that the infant has a pulse rate of 168 beats/minute and a respiratory rate of 72 breaths/minute. In which position should the nurse place the infant?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Lying on the back. Placing the infant in a supine position is recommended for infants with congenital heart defects to prevent overloading the heart by reducing the workload. This position promotes better oxygenation and cardiac output, as gravity assists in venous return. Placing the infant upright in an infant seat (choice A) may increase the workload on the heart due to increased venous return. Lying on the abdomen (choice C) may compromise breathing and reduce oxygenation. Sitting in high Fowler's position (choice D) may also increase the workload on the heart and compromise respiratory function.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who has just undergone cardiac angiography. The catheter insertion site is free from bleeding or signs of hematoma. The vital signs and distal pulses remain in the client's normal range. The intravenous fluids were discontinued. The client is not hungry or thirsty and refuses any food or fluids, asking to be left alone to rest. Which of the following is the nurse's best response?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "You are recovering well from the procedure and resting is a good idea." This response acknowledges the client's autonomy and respects their desire for rest after the procedure. It also recognizes the client's normal vital signs and absence of complications. Encouraging rest promotes healing and reduces the risk of complications. Choice B is incorrect because forcing the client to walk may not be appropriate immediately after the procedure, especially if the client is fatigued or not feeling well. Choice C is incorrect because the client is not thirsty and forcing fluids may lead to discomfort. It's important to respect the client's preferences and monitor for signs of dehydration. Choice D is incorrect because while leg exercises are important for circulation, the client's immediate need for rest should be prioritized. It is essential to balance activity with rest based on the client's condition.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a 2-month-old child with transposition of the great vessels. Which of these interventions has highest priority?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Maintaining proper caloric intake. In a child with transposition of the great vessels, ensuring adequate nutrition is critical for growth and development. Without proper caloric intake, the child's health and recovery may be compromised. Providing comfort for parents (A) is important but not the highest priority. Reducing stressors for the infant (C) is valuable but not as crucial as ensuring proper nutrition. Documenting vital signs (D) is essential but does not directly address the immediate physiological needs of the child. Maintaining proper caloric intake should be the priority to support the child's overall well-being and aid in their recovery.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is monitoring a patient newly admitted with acute heart failure (HF). Which of the following laboratory/diagnostic results would indicate the presence of significant HF?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: BNP of 1000 pg/mL. B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is released by the heart in response to increased pressure and volume overload, which commonly occurs in heart failure. A BNP level of 1000 pg/mL indicates significant HF. Choice B: Sodium of 150 is not specific to HF and may indicate dehydration or other electrolyte imbalances. Choice C: Potassium of 5.7 mEq/L is high but not specific to HF. It could result from kidney dysfunction or medication use. Choice D: pH of 7.30 may indicate acidosis, which can occur in various conditions, not just HF. In summary, BNP is a more specific marker for HF compared to the other choices.