ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Cardiovascular Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client is in the first postoperative day after left femoropopliteal revascularization. Which position would be most appropriate for this client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: In high Fowler's position. This position promotes optimal circulation and respiratory function post-femoropopliteal revascularization. Elevating the head and upper body reduces venous return and decreases the risk of deep vein thrombosis. Choices A, C, and D do not provide the same benefits and may impede circulation or respiratory function.
Question 2 of 5
An infant age 2 months has a tentative diagnosis of congenital heart defect. During physical assessment, the nurse notes that the infant has a pulse rate of 168 beats/minute and a respiratory rate of 72 breaths/minute. In which position should the nurse place the infant?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Lying on the back. Placing the infant on the back helps improve respiratory effort and oxygenation by allowing for maximum expansion of the lungs. This position also helps in reducing the workload on the heart, especially crucial in congenital heart defects. It promotes better blood circulation and oxygen delivery. Choice A: Upright in an infant seat may increase the workload on the heart due to the position's effect on blood flow and lung expansion. Choice C: Lying on the abdomen can compromise respiratory effort and decrease oxygenation, which could be detrimental in a child with a congenital heart defect. Choice D: Sitting in high Fowler's position may also add stress to the heart and lungs, potentially worsening the infant's condition.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who has just undergone cardiac angiography. The catheter insertion site is free from bleeding or signs of hematoma. The vital signs and distal pulses remain in the client's normal range. The intravenous fluids were discontinued. The client is not hungry or thirsty and refuses any food or fluids, asking to be left alone to rest. Which of the following is the nurse's best response?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct response is A: "You are recovering well from the procedure and resting is a good idea." This is the best response because the client's vital signs, distal pulses, and catheter insertion site are stable, indicating a good recovery. Encouraging rest aligns with the client's expressed preference, which promotes comfort and healing. Choice B is incorrect as walking may not be suitable immediately post-cardiac angiography. Choice C is incorrect as forcing fluids on a client who is not thirsty can lead to discomfort. Choice D is incorrect as focusing on leg exercises may not be the priority at this immediate post-procedure stage.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a 2-month-old child with transposition of the great vessels. Which of these interventions has highest priority?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Maintaining proper caloric intake. In a case of transposition of the great vessels, ensuring adequate nutrition is crucial for the infant's growth and development. Without proper caloric intake, the child may experience complications. Providing comfort for parents (choice A) is important but not the highest priority. Reducing stressors for the infant (choice C) is also important but not as critical as ensuring proper nutrition. Documenting vital signs (choice D) is necessary but does not address the immediate need for nutrition in this case.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is monitoring a patient newly admitted with acute heart failure (HF). Which of the following laboratory/diagnostic results would indicate the presence of significant HF?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: BNP of 1000 pg/mL. B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is released by the heart in response to increased ventricular wall stress, which occurs in heart failure. A BNP level of 1000 pg/mL indicates significant heart failure. Choice B: Sodium of 150 is not specific to heart failure and could indicate dehydration or other issues. Choice C: Potassium of 5.7 mEq/L is elevated but not specific to heart failure. Choice D: pH of 7.30 could indicate acidosis, but it is not a direct marker of heart failure.