A client is hospitalized in the acute phase of severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. The following nursing diagnosis has been identified: Fluid volume excess (extravascular) related to third spacing. Which of the following nursing goals is highest priority in relation to this diagnosis?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the context of a client hospitalized with severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and experiencing fluid volume excess due to third spacing, the highest priority nursing goal is ensuring the client's lung fields remain clear throughout hospitalization (option D). This is crucial because fluid volume excess can lead to pulmonary complications such as pulmonary edema and impaired gas exchange. Maintaining clear lung fields is essential for adequate oxygenation and preventing respiratory distress in this critical condition. Option A, focusing on the client's weight, is not the highest priority as it does not directly address the immediate risk of respiratory compromise from fluid volume excess. Option B, regarding skin breakdown, is important but secondary to ensuring respiratory function. Option C, related to electrolyte levels, is also important but does not address the urgent need to maintain clear lung fields in the face of fluid excess. In an educational context, understanding prioritization of nursing goals is crucial in providing effective and safe care to patients. This question highlights the need for nurses to identify the most critical issue that requires immediate attention to prevent complications and prioritize interventions accordingly. It emphasizes the importance of clinical judgment and critical thinking in delivering quality patient care.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of infertility, it is crucial to prioritize addressing the emotional and psychological needs of the client. In this scenario, the highest priority intervention is option C) Acknowledge the client's anxiety about the possible findings. This is the correct answer because it demonstrates empathy and shows the client that her feelings are valid and important. Assessing the fetal heart rate (option A) may be important for monitoring the baby's well-being, but in this situation, the client's emotional state takes precedence. Checking the client's temperature (option B) is not relevant to the situation at hand and does not address the client's immediate needs. Answering questions regarding the genetic abnormality (option D) is important, but acknowledging and addressing the client's anxiety first creates a supportive environment for effective communication and information sharing. In an educational context, this question highlights the importance of patient-centered care in reproductive health. It emphasizes the significance of addressing the emotional needs of clients undergoing fertility treatments or genetic testing, as their emotional well-being can impact their overall experience and decision-making process. By prioritizing empathy and communication, healthcare providers can build trust and facilitate meaningful interactions with clients facing challenging situations related to infertility and genetic testing.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: The correct answer is option C) If the woman is positive for the gene for Huntington's. This is the correct response because presymptomatic genetic testing for Huntington's disease can indeed identify the presence of the gene associated with the disease before symptoms appear. This allows individuals to make informed decisions about their health and future care planning. Option A) There is no genetic marker for Huntington's disease is incorrect because there is a well-known genetic marker associated with Huntington's disease, known as the HTT gene. Option B) Presymptomatic testing cannot predict whether or not the gene will be expressed is incorrect because presymptomatic testing can indeed predict the presence of the gene before symptoms manifest, although it cannot predict the exact age of onset or severity. Option D) She will develop the disease later in life is incorrect because not everyone who tests positive for the gene will go on to develop the disease. The presence of the gene indicates an increased risk but does not guarantee the development of Huntington's disease. In an educational context, it is crucial for healthcare professionals to have a clear understanding of presymptomatic genetic testing and its implications. By providing accurate information and guidance to individuals considering such testing, nurses can support informed decision-making and promote patient autonomy in managing their health.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) Pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) because it allows the couple to select embryos free of the familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) gene mutation before implantation, ensuring a healthy child. PGD involves testing embryos created through in vitro fertilization for specific genetic conditions. Option A) Amniocentesis and B) Chorionic villus sampling are prenatal diagnostic tests that can detect genetic abnormalities during pregnancy but do not offer the couple the opportunity to select a healthy embryo prior to conception. Option D) Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) is a method of assisted reproductive technology that involves transferring unfertilized eggs and sperm into the fallopian tube, which does not directly address the genetic risk posed by FAP. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of genetic counseling, testing, and assisted reproductive technologies in helping couples with genetic conditions make informed decisions about family planning to increase the likelihood of having healthy offspring. Understanding these options empowers individuals to make informed choices regarding their reproductive health.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this pedigree, the correct inheritance pattern depicted is autosomal recessive (Option A). This conclusion can be drawn since both males and females are affected, indicating that the trait is not sex-linked. Additionally, unaffected individuals can have affected offspring, suggesting a recessive mode of inheritance. Option B, mitochondrial inheritance, is incorrect as this type of inheritance is passed exclusively from the mother to all of her offspring. In the given pedigree, affected individuals can have unaffected offspring, ruling out mitochondrial inheritance. Option C, X-linked recessive, is also incorrect as X-linked traits typically show a pattern of transmission predominantly from mothers to sons. In this pedigree, affected individuals are present in both genders, making X-linked inheritance less likely. Option D, Y-linked trait, is incorrect because Y-linked traits are passed from fathers to all of their sons and would not be seen in females. Since both genders are affected in the pedigree, Y-linked inheritance is not the appropriate explanation. Educationally, understanding how to analyze pedigrees is crucial in the field of genetics and can provide valuable insights into the patterns of inheritance within families. By carefully examining family histories and applying knowledge of different inheritance patterns, healthcare professionals can better assess the risk of genetic conditions and provide informed genetic counseling to individuals and families.