A client is having difficulty breathing while receiving supplemental oxygen via a nasal cannula in a supine position. Which of the following interventions should the nurse take first?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Assist the client to an upright position. This is the priority intervention because placing the client in an upright position helps improve lung expansion and oxygenation by optimizing ventilation-perfusion matching. This position also reduces the risk of aspiration and improves overall respiratory function. Choice A (Suction the client's airway) is not the first intervention because difficulty breathing in this scenario is more likely due to positioning rather than airway obstruction. Choice B (Instruct the client to perform incentive spirometry every hour) is not the first intervention as it may not address the immediate issue of breathing difficulty related to supine positioning. Choice D (Humidify the client's supplemental oxygen) is not the first intervention as lack of humidification is not likely the cause of the client's difficulty breathing in this situation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Wear an N95 respirator when giving direct care to the client. This is correct because allogeneic stem cell transplant recipients are at high risk for infection due to immunosuppression. An N95 respirator helps protect the nurse from inhaling airborne pathogens when in close contact with the client. Choice B is incorrect because negative-pressure airflow rooms are typically used for clients with airborne infections, not for those at risk due to immunosuppression. Choice C is incorrect because although adequate air exchanges are important for infection control, it is not the specific precaution needed for a client with an allogeneic stem cell transplant. Choice D is incorrect because wearing a mask outside the room is not as effective in preventing transmission of infections as wearing an N95 respirator during direct care.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step 1: The correct answer is C because the nurse can practice in other compact states if her home state participates in the compact agreement. Step 2: The Nurse Licensure Compact (NLC) allows nurses to practice in other compact states with one multistate license. Step 3: Nurses must maintain an active license in their home state and follow the regulations of the compact agreement. Step 4: Answer A is incorrect as graduates can use the title RN upon passing the NCLEX. Step 5: Answer B is incorrect as the nurse must meet each state's requirements to practice there with the compact license. Step 6: Answer D is incorrect as the RN license is not mandatory if the nurse does not intend to practice.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Autonomy. Autonomy refers to the patient's right to make their own decisions about their healthcare, including the choice to refuse treatment. In this scenario, the healthcare provider respects the patient's autonomy by providing information and allowing her to make an informed decision, even if it goes against medical advice. This upholds the patient's right to self-determination and control over her own body. Summary: B: Nonmaleficence - This principle focuses on doing no harm to the patient, but in this case, respecting the patient's autonomy takes precedence. C: Beneficence - This principle involves acting in the patient's best interest, but in this scenario, respect for autonomy is the primary consideration. D: Distributive justice - This principle is about fair distribution of resources and care, which is not directly relevant to the patient's right to make decisions about her own treatment.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because values are subjective and personal beliefs that influence one's feelings and attitudes towards situations. This aligns with the definition of values as individual's principles or standards of behavior. B is incorrect because values are not solely learned through family systems, but can also be influenced by culture, education, and personal experiences. C is incorrect because values are more about personal beliefs and principles rather than organized ways of thinking about the meaning of life. D is incorrect because values are not the sole determinants of rightness or wrongness of behavior, as ethical principles and moral standards also play a role in making such judgments.