ATI RN
ATI Hematologic System Test Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client is having a bone marrow aspiration and biopsy. What action by the nurse takes priority?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ensure that valid consent is in the medical record. This is the priority because obtaining informed consent is a legal and ethical requirement before any invasive procedure like a bone marrow aspiration and biopsy. Without valid consent, the procedure cannot proceed. Administering pain medication (A) can be important, but ensuring consent comes first. Having the client shower (C) is not a priority before the procedure. Premedicating with sedatives (D) may not be necessary for every client and should be based on individual assessment.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following requires IL-2 and IL-4 in the conversion of unilineage progenitor cell into mature circulating cell?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: B lymphocyte. IL-2 and IL-4 are essential for the differentiation of B lymphocytes from unilineage progenitor cells into mature circulating cells. IL-2 is crucial for B cell proliferation and survival, while IL-4 is required for B cell activation and class switching. Neutrophils do not require IL-2 and IL-4 for differentiation. Eosinophils are primarily influenced by IL-5. Basophils are influenced by IL-3 and IL-5. Therefore, B lymphocytes are the only cell type among the choices that specifically requires IL-2 and IL-4 for their maturation.
Question 3 of 5
A 40 year old patient is presented with unilateral palpebral edema and ipsilateral lymphadenopathy. He later develops megaesophagus and megacolon as complications. Which of the following vector is responsible for this parasitic infection?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Rhodnius prolixus. This parasite is responsible for causing Chagas disease. The initial symptoms of unilateral palpebral edema and ipsilateral lymphadenopathy are characteristic of the acute phase of Chagas disease. The development of megaesophagus and megacolon are complications seen in the chronic phase. Rhodnius prolixus is a vector for Trypanosoma cruzi, the parasite that causes Chagas disease. Glossina morsitans is the vector for African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness), Ixodes scapularis is the vector for Lyme disease, and Simulium damnosum is the vector for onchocerciasis (river blindness), making them incorrect choices for this particular parasitic infection.
Question 4 of 5
The typical Reed-Sternberg cells are either infrequent or absent. Instead, lymphocytic and histiocytic cells or 'popcorn cells' are seen within a background of inflammatory cells, which are predominantly benign lymphocytes. Which type of Hodgkin's lymphoma best suit the description?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rationale for Choice D (Lymphocyte predominance): 1. Reed-Sternberg cells are infrequent or absent in lymphocyte predominance Hodgkin's lymphoma. 2. 'Popcorn cells' are seen in lymphocyte predominance Hodgkin's lymphoma. 3. Predominance of benign lymphocytes in the background is characteristic of lymphocyte predominance Hodgkin's lymphoma. Summary of other choices: A: Nodular sclerosis - Characterized by collagen bands dividing lymph node into nodules, not 'popcorn cells'. B: Mixed cellularity - Reed-Sternberg cells present, not 'popcorn cells'. C: Lymphocyte depleted - Few to no lymphocytes seen, not benign lymphocytes as described in the question.
Question 5 of 5
Mr XY was found to be anemic. During history taking, he informed his doctor that he was a strict vegetarian who did not consume any meat, fish or milk products.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Vitamin B12 deficiency. As a strict vegetarian who does not consume any meat, fish, or milk products, Mr XY is at risk for Vitamin B12 deficiency. Vitamin B12 is primarily found in animal products and is essential for red blood cell production. Anemia can result from Vitamin B12 deficiency, leading to symptoms such as fatigue and weakness. Iron deficiency (A) is also common in vegetarians, but in this case, the focus is on Vitamin B12 due to the exclusion of all animal products. Defects in erythropoietin production (C) are not related to Mr XY's dietary choices. Calcium-deficiency (D) is not directly related to anemia in this scenario.