A client is experiencing an alteration in the health-perception–health-management pattern and an alteration in the values-beliefs pattern. Which of the following best describes the behavior of this person?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, option B, "Only sees a physician if not feeling well," best describes the behavior of a person experiencing an alteration in the health-perception–health-management and values-beliefs pattern. This choice aligns with the manifestations of altered health perception and management, where the individual tends to seek medical help only when symptoms are present, indicating a reactive approach to health care. This behavior reflects a lack of proactive health management and possibly a disregard for preventive care. Option A, "Never sees a physician," is incorrect as it represents a more extreme scenario and would not necessarily capture the nuanced changes in health perception and management described in the question. Option C, "Sees a physician for screenings only," does not address the primary issue of seeking medical care primarily in response to symptoms rather than for preventive purposes. Option D, "Sees a physician for follow-up care of a chronic disease," also does not capture the essence of altered health perception and values-beliefs patterns described in the question, as it pertains more to disease management rather than overall health perception and beliefs. From an educational perspective, understanding these patterns is crucial in pharmacology and health promotion to provide holistic care. Educating individuals about the importance of regular check-ups, preventive screenings, and proactive health management can help promote better health outcomes and prevent complications associated with delayed medical intervention. It is essential to address underlying beliefs and perceptions that influence health behaviors to encourage individuals to adopt a more proactive approach to their health.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of pharmacology and health promotion, understanding the leading causes of death among women is crucial for healthcare professionals to provide targeted interventions and education. The correct answer, Coronary artery disease (CAD) (Option C), is the leading cause of death among women globally. CAD is a significant public health concern due to factors like lifestyle choices, genetics, and hormonal influences. Women often present with atypical symptoms of CAD, leading to underdiagnosis and undertreatment. Option A, Accidents, while a significant cause of mortality, is not the leading cause of death among women. Option B, Cancer, is a prevalent health issue for women but does not surpass CAD in terms of mortality rates. Option D, Stroke, is a leading cause of death but typically ranks below CAD in women. Educationally, emphasizing CAD as the primary cause of death among women underscores the importance of cardiovascular health promotion, risk factor management, and early detection strategies in clinical practice. Pharmacological interventions for CAD, such as lipid-lowering agents and antiplatelet therapy, play a vital role in preventing adverse cardiovascular events in women. Understanding these distinctions equips healthcare providers to address women's unique health needs effectively.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In Gordon's functional health patterns, the roles-relationships pattern focuses on understanding how the family unit operates and how its members interact with each other. The most appropriate question for the nurse to ask in this context is "How are problems in the family resolved?" This question directly addresses the dynamics of problem-solving within the family, shedding light on its communication, conflict resolution, and decision-making processes. Option A, "What is the family’s philosophy of health?" while important, pertains more to the health perception-health management pattern and may not provide insights into the roles-relationships pattern. Option B, "What does the family do to have fun?" is related to the leisure-activity pattern and does not directly address relationships or roles within the family. Option D, "Who decides when and how children go to sleep?" focuses on the coping-stress tolerance pattern and does not pertain to roles and relationships within the family. Educationally, understanding Gordon's functional health patterns is vital for nurses to comprehensively assess clients' health across various domains. By asking the right questions based on these patterns, nurses can gather holistic information for effective care planning and intervention. Therefore, mastering the appropriate questions for each pattern is essential for a nurse's assessment skills and patient care outcomes.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is option C: Acting as a launching center for their son. This option aligns with the developmental task of launching adult children into the world as they transition from being dependent on their parents to becoming independent individuals. This stage involves parents supporting their children as they establish their own lives, careers, and relationships. Option A, attending activities for their son, focuses more on the parents' involvement in their son's life rather than facilitating his independence, which is the primary task at this stage. Option B, strengthening their marital relationship for future family stages, is important but not the immediate developmental task in this specific scenario. Option D, responding to the prospect of changing careers, is unrelated to the developmental tasks of the family at this stage. Educationally, understanding family developmental tasks is crucial for nurses as they work with families to promote health and well-being. By recognizing and supporting families in their specific developmental tasks, nurses can provide more effective and tailored care to help families navigate life transitions successfully.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is option B: Providing education to the community about prevention of the flu. This is the nurse's primary responsibility because working in a health department involves a focus on health promotion and disease prevention at the community level. Education plays a crucial role in preventing the spread of diseases like the flu by empowering individuals with knowledge about preventive measures such as hand hygiene, vaccination, and proper respiratory etiquette. Option A is incorrect because while providing treatment is important, the primary role of a nurse in a health department is prevention rather than individual treatment. Option C is incorrect as testing family members for the flu may not be necessary unless they show symptoms. Option D is incorrect because ensuring that family members receive the flu vaccine is important but not the primary responsibility of a nurse in this context; community education has a broader impact on public health. From an educational perspective, this question highlights the role of nurses in health promotion and disease prevention within the community. It emphasizes the importance of community-wide interventions in reducing the burden of infectious diseases and underlines the significance of proactive measures in public health practice. By choosing option B, the nurse can effectively contribute to improving the health outcomes of the community through education and preventive strategies.