ATI RN
Free Medical Surgical Certification Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client is experiencing an acute exacerbation of asthma. Which medication should the nurse administer first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Albuterol (Proventil). Albuterol is a short-acting beta agonist bronchodilator that provides quick relief during an asthma exacerbation by relaxing the smooth muscles in the airways. This helps to rapidly open up the airways and improve breathing. Administering albuterol first is crucial in managing acute asthma symptoms. Summary of other choices: B: Ipratropium (Atrovent) is an anticholinergic bronchodilator that is often used in combination with albuterol for asthma exacerbations, but albuterol is preferred for initial rapid relief. C: Salmeterol (Serevent) is a long-acting beta agonist used for maintenance treatment of asthma, not for acute exacerbations. D: Fluticasone (Flovent) is an inhaled corticosteroid used for long-term control of asthma symptoms and prevention of exacerbations
Question 2 of 5
A client with a mediastinal chest tube is being assessed by a nurse. Which symptoms require the nurse's immediate intervention? (SATA)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Tracheal deviation. Tracheal deviation indicates a tension pneumothorax, a life-threatening emergency that requires immediate intervention to prevent further complications. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Production of pink sputum may indicate blood-tinged sputum, which could be a sign of minor bleeding but does not require immediate intervention. C: Pain at insertion site is common after chest tube insertion and can be managed with pain medication, not necessarily requiring immediate intervention. D: Sudden onset of shortness of breath could indicate various issues, including pneumothorax, but tracheal deviation is a more specific and urgent sign that requires immediate attention.
Question 3 of 5
A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is being taught by a nurse. Which nutritional information should the nurse include in the teaching? (SATA)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Correct Answer: D Rationale: 1. High-fiber foods promote gastric emptying, reducing the risk of bloating and discomfort in COPD patients. 2. COPD patients may experience difficulty breathing, leading to decreased physical activity and slower digestion. 3. Consuming high-fiber foods helps regulate bowel movements and prevents constipation, common in COPD patients. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A: Avoiding fluids just before and during meals is not specific to COPD patients and may not directly address their nutritional needs. B: Resting before meals if experiencing dyspnea may be helpful, but it does not address specific nutritional information. C: Having six small meals a day may be beneficial for some COPD patients, but it does not directly address the importance of high-fiber foods for promoting gastric emptying.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse collaborates with a respiratory therapist to complete pulmonary function tests (PFTs) for a client. Which statements should the nurse include in communications with the respiratory therapist prior to the tests? (SATA)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 5 of 5
A client is prescribed nicotine replacement therapy. Which statement should the nurse include in this client's teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because smoking while on nicotine replacement therapy can lead to nicotine overdose, increasing the risk of a stroke due to excessive nicotine intake. This statement emphasizes the importance of avoiding smoking during treatment. Choice B is incorrect as it does not address the specific risk associated with smoking while on the medication. Choice C is incorrect as stopping the medication suddenly does not directly increase the risk for a heart attack. Choice D is irrelevant to nicotine replacement therapy and does not provide information related to the medication's use.