ATI RN
NCLEX RN Pediatric Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client is diagnosed with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). The nurse informs the client that the physician will prescribe diuretic therapy and restrict fluid and sodium intake to treat the disorder. If the client does not comply with the recommended treatment, which complication may arise?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) is characterized by excessive release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), leading to water retention and dilutional hyponatremia. If a client with SIADH does not comply with the recommended treatment of diuretic therapy and fluid/sodium restriction, there will be continued water retention, resulting in further dilution of sodium levels in the blood (hyponatremia). Severe hyponatremia can lead to cerebral edema, which is a life-threatening complication associated with neurological symptoms such as headache, confusion, seizures, and potentially coma. Therefore, it is important for the client to follow the prescribed treatment to prevent the development of cerebral edema and other serious complications.
Question 2 of 5
A 1-year old boy presents with high grade fever and conjunctivitis for 4 days followed by generalized maculopapular rash. One of his elder siblings had similar complaints 10 days back. The most likely diagnosis is?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Measles presents with high-grade fever, conjunctivitis, and a maculopapular rash appearing after a few days of illness, often following a similar illness in a sibling.
Question 3 of 5
The age at which the infant can achieve early head control with bobbing motion when pulled to sit is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Head control typically begins developing around 2 months.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following medications can be used to quickly reduce SOB in a crisis situation for a patient with end-stage respiratory disease?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: IV morphine is the most appropriate choice among the options provided for quickly reducing shortness of breath (SOB) in a crisis situation for a patient with end-stage respiratory disease. Morphine is commonly used in palliative care for symptom management in patients with severe respiratory distress. It acts as a respiratory depressant by reducing the perception of breathlessness, which can help alleviate the distressing symptoms of dyspnea. The rapid onset of action of IV morphine makes it an effective option for immediate relief in emergency situations for patients experiencing significant SOB due to end-stage respiratory disease. Oral cortisone, IM meperidine (Demerol), and IV propranolol (Inderal) are not primary choices for quickly reducing SOB in this context.
Question 5 of 5
All the following are recognizable teratogens EXCEPT
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hypothermia is not typically considered a teratogen.