ATI RN
Pediatric Research Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client is diagnosed with megaloblastic anemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency. The physician begins the client on cyanocobalamin (Betalin-12), 100mcg IM daily. Which substance influences Vitamin B12 absorption?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Intrinsic factor is a glycoprotein produced by the parietal cells of the stomach. It is essential for the absorption of vitamin B12 in the intestine. Vitamin B12 binds to intrinsic factor in the stomach, forming a complex that is absorbed in the ileum of the small intestine. Without intrinsic factor, vitamin B12 absorption is significantly impaired, leading to conditions like pernicious anemia, which is a type of megaloblastic anemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency. By administering cyanocobalamin (Betalin-12) intramuscularly, the need for intrinsic factor in the absorption process is bypassed, which is necessary in cases where intrinsic factor production or function is disrupted.
Question 2 of 5
Which gauge IV cannula should the nurse choose when preparing to initiate a blood transfusion?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An 18-gauge IV cannula is the most appropriate choice when preparing to initiate a blood transfusion. This larger size allows for the rapid administration of blood products, which is important to prevent clotting and ensure a stable flow of the transfusion. Smaller gauge sizes, such as 22, 24, or 28, may be too slow for transfusion purposes and could potentially lead to delays or complications during the procedure. Therefore, the optimal choice for initiating a blood transfusion is an 18-gauge IV cannula.
Question 3 of 5
The patient is having difficulty coping with her new diagnosis of lymphoma. Which response by the nurse is most helpful?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Option C, "Who do you usually go to when you have a problem?" is the most helpful response by the nurse in this situation. This response allows the patient to identify her support system and opens up a conversation about coping mechanisms and sources of emotional support. It helps the nurse understand who the patient leans on during difficult times and enables the nurse to involve these individuals in providing support and encouragement to the patient as she copes with her new diagnosis of lymphoma. By exploring the patient's typical sources of support, the nurse can assist in strengthening her coping mechanisms and emotional well-being during this challenging time.
Question 4 of 5
A man‘s blood type is AB and he requires a blood transfusion. To prevent complications of blood incompatibilities, which blood type may the client receive?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: As the man's blood type is AB, he can only receive blood from donors with type AB blood. This is because individuals with type AB blood are universal recipients, meaning they can safely receive blood from any blood type without risking complications. Blood types A, B, and O all contain antigens that could cause a reaction if transfused into someone with type AB blood. Therefore, to prevent any complications of blood incompatibility, the client in this case should only receive blood with type AB.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the ff nursing interventions ensure that a client with Hodgkin's disease remains free of infection? Choose all that apply
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In pediatric patients with Hodgkin's disease, maintaining a clean environment is crucial to prevent infections due to their compromised immune system. The correct answer, option C, to practice conscientious hand washing is essential as it helps to minimize the transmission of pathogens that could lead to infections. Hand washing is a fundamental nursing intervention that significantly reduces the risk of spreading infections in healthcare settings. Options A and B, applying ice to the skin and providing cool sponge baths, do not directly relate to infection prevention in a client with Hodgkin's disease. While these interventions may offer comfort or symptom relief, they do not address the primary concern of infection control. Option D, using cotton gloves and restricting visitors or personnel with infections from contact with the client, is also important in infection control. However, hand washing (option C) is a more direct and universal measure that all healthcare providers and visitors can easily implement to reduce the risk of infections in pediatric patients with compromised immune systems. Educationally, this question emphasizes the significance of basic infection control practices in pediatric oncology care. It highlights the need for healthcare providers to be diligent in hand hygiene to protect vulnerable patients from potential infections, showcasing the importance of evidence-based nursing interventions in maintaining patient safety and well-being.