A client is diagnosed with bipolar disorder: manic episode. Which nursing intervention should be implemented to achieve the outcome of 'Client will gain 2 lb by the end of the week?'

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Provide client with high-calorie finger foods throughout the day. This intervention is appropriate for a client experiencing a manic episode in bipolar disorder because they may have increased energy expenditure and decreased interest in eating, leading to weight loss. Providing high-calorie finger foods can help increase caloric intake and promote weight gain. Choice B is incorrect as it does not address the specific need for high-calorie foods and may not be effective in ensuring adequate caloric intake. Choice C, initiating parenteral nutrition, is unnecessary and invasive for this client's situation as oral intake should be encouraged first. Choice D, teaching about the importance of a varied diet, is not as effective in the short term for a client in a manic episode who may struggle with maintaining a balanced diet.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct initial action is B: Take the child swimming at the facility's pool. This option is best as it provides a physical outlet for the child's anger and helps to de-escalate the situation in a calming and non-confrontational manner. Swimming can be a therapeutic activity that helps release tension and promote relaxation. Asking the child to express feelings (A) may not be effective in the heat of the moment. Establishing a behavioral contract (C) may be premature and not address the immediate need for de-escalation. Administering medication (D) should not be the first response and is not appropriate for managing situational anger outbursts.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because medication is not typically the first-line treatment for Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Behavioral strategies, such as therapy and counseling, are usually recommended to address the underlying issues causing the behavior. Medication may be considered in certain cases but is not the primary treatment. Choice A is incorrect because while ODD is primarily behavioral, there are cases where medication may be used as an adjunct treatment. Choice B is incorrect as it dismisses the importance of understanding individual treatment approaches. Choice D is incorrect as it provides inaccurate information and may raise false hopes about medication being the solution.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because measurement involves quantifying and analyzing data in numerical terms to understand a phenomenon objectively. In contrast, diagnosis is the process of identifying and labeling a patient's condition based on symptoms and test results to determine the appropriate treatment plan and prognosis. Choice B is incorrect because diagnosis does not involve numerical analysis but rather focuses on identifying and classifying illnesses. Choice C is incorrect as diagnosis and measurement are distinct processes with different objectives and methods. Choice D is incorrect as SOAP notes are used in documenting patient progress and treatment, not specifically for measurement. Physical therapy guides may assist in diagnosis but are not exclusive to it.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Ruling out cervical radiculopathy. The test's high sensitivity (95% positive in true cases) means it is good at identifying patients who truly have the disease, making it reliable for ruling out cervical radiculopathy when the test is negative. However, the fact that it is also positive in many healthy individuals indicates a lack of specificity, making it unreliable for definitively ruling in the disease. Therefore, the test is most useful for excluding cervical radiculopathy when negative, rather than confirming it when positive. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the test's high false positive rate limits its ability to definitively diagnose the condition.