A client is being educated about the use of Fluticasone to treat Perennial Rhinitis. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because Fluticasone may show some benefits within a few hours, but its full therapeutic effect may take up to 3 weeks to be achieved in treating Perennial Rhinitis. Option A is incorrect as the frequency of Fluticasone use is usually once daily. Option C is incorrect as Fluticasone is not used for motion sickness. Option D is incorrect as Fluticasone is a preventive medication and not used for immediate relief when nasal passages are blocked.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Dopamine, when administered at a low dose, acts on beta1 receptors in the heart, leading to increased myocardial contractility. This positive inotropic effect results in improved cardiac output, which is beneficial for a client with severe heart failure. Dopamine does not typically cause lowered heart rate, decreased conduction through the AV node, or vasoconstriction of renal blood vessels at low doses.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct instruction is to remove the prior dose before applying a new one to prevent toxicity. Nitroglycerin ointment can cause adverse effects if accumulated doses are not removed. Rubbing the ointment until it's not visible or covering it with gauze may alter absorption. Applying it to the same area each time can lead to skin irritation or desensitization.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In pharmacology education, it is crucial to understand the rationale behind medication instructions to ensure safe and effective treatment. For the question regarding starting Simvastatin, the correct answer is A) Take this medication in the evening. This instruction is important because Simvastatin is typically more effective when taken in the evening since cholesterol synthesis peaks at night. Option B) Change positions slowly when rising from a chair is not directly related to Simvastatin but is a general precaution for medications that may cause orthostatic hypotension. Option C) Maintain a steady intake of green leafy vegetables is not relevant to Simvastatin but is important for medications like Warfarin which interact with Vitamin K. Option D) Consume no more than 1 L/day of fluid is not a specific requirement for Simvastatin but is more relevant for medications that require fluid restriction like Lithium. Educationally, understanding the timing of medication administration is crucial for optimal drug efficacy. Teaching this specific detail ensures that the medication can achieve its intended therapeutic effect. This question highlights the importance of individualized medication education based on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of each drug.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) Protamine. Protamine is the specific antidote for heparin, a common anticoagulant medication. Heparin works by inhibiting the activity of clotting factors, which can lead to bleeding complications. Protamine works by binding to heparin, neutralizing its anticoagulant effects, and thus reversing its potential for causing bleeding. A) Vitamin K1 is used to reverse the effects of warfarin, another type of anticoagulant that works differently from heparin. It is not the appropriate antidote for heparin-induced bleeding. B) Atropine is used to treat bradycardia or certain types of poisoning. It is not indicated for heparin-induced bleeding. D) Calcium gluconate is used to treat conditions like hypocalcemia or to counteract the effects of calcium channel blocker overdose. It is not the antidote for heparin-induced bleeding. In an educational context, understanding antidotes for common medications is crucial for nursing practice to ensure patient safety and appropriate intervention in case of adverse drug reactions. Nurses need to be knowledgeable about antidotes specific to different medications to provide timely and effective care to their patients.