A client is admitted for treatment of the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Which nursing intervention is appropriate?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH), there is an excessive release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), leading to water retention by the kidneys and dilution of electrolytes in the blood. This can result in hyponatremia and fluid overload. Therefore, the appropriate nursing intervention for a client with SIADH is to restrict fluids to help prevent further fluid retention and worsening of hyponatremia. Infusing IV fluids rapidly, administering glucose-containing IV fluids, or encouraging increased oral fluid intake would exacerbate the problem by further diluting the electrolyte concentration in the blood. By restricting fluids, the aim is to maintain a strict intake and output balance to promote a gradual increase in serum sodium levels and help restore normal fluid balance in the body.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Beta-adrenergic agonists like albuterol primarily work by relaxing and dilating the bronchioles, which are the smaller airways in the lungs. This leads to quick relief of asthma symptoms such as wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness. By opening up the airways, these medications help improve airflow and make it easier for the individual to breathe. Beta-adrenergic agonists do not directly reduce airway inflammation, but they do provide immediate relief during an asthma attack by targeting bronchoconstriction.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Retinoblastoma predominantly occurs in children under 5 years of age, making it the least likely to occur in adults.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Paranasal sinuses are considered unfavorable sites in rhabdomyosarcoma staging.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Adenotonsillar hypertrophy is the leading cause of obstructive sleep apnea in children.