A client in a long-term care facility has Hypothyroidism and a new prescription for Levothyroxine. Which of the following dosage schedules should the nurse expect for this client?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Levothyroxine should be initiated at a low dose and titrated gradually over several weeks to achieve therapeutic levels. This approach helps to minimize the risk of adverse effects, particularly in older adult clients who may be more sensitive to medication changes. Starting at a low dose allows for close monitoring of the client's response and adjustment of the dosage as needed to optimize treatment outcomes.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In caring for a client receiving epoetin alfa to treat anemia, the nurse should monitor for hypertension. Epoetin alfa is a medication that stimulates red blood cell production, which can lead to an increase in blood pressure. Monitoring for hypertension is crucial to prevent complications such as stroke or heart failure. Leukocytosis (option A) is an increase in white blood cells, which is not typically associated with epoetin alfa administration. Hyperkalemia (option C) is high levels of potassium in the blood, which is not a common side effect of epoetin alfa. Fever (option D) is also not a direct effect of epoetin alfa but could be a sign of infection, which should be monitored but is not the primary concern with this medication. Educationally, understanding the side effects and monitoring parameters for medications like epoetin alfa is crucial for safe and effective patient care. Nurses need to be able to recognize and respond to potential complications promptly to ensure positive patient outcomes.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Leuprolide is a medication commonly used in the treatment of prostate cancer. The correct answer is C) Gynecomastia because leuprolide is a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist that works by decreasing testosterone levels in the body. This decrease in testosterone can lead to the development of gynecomastia, which is the enlargement of breast tissue in males. Option A) Increased testosterone levels is incorrect because leuprolide actually decreases testosterone levels. Option B) Increased libido is incorrect because leuprolide commonly causes a decrease in libido as a result of lowering testosterone levels. Option D) Hypoglycemia is unrelated to leuprolide therapy and is not a common side effect associated with this medication. In an educational context, it is important for nurses to understand the mechanism of action of medications like leuprolide to anticipate potential side effects and provide appropriate monitoring and care for their patients. Understanding the expected outcomes of drug therapy helps nurses to identify and address any deviations from the norm, ensuring safe and effective patient care.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In starting therapy with bicalutamide, it is crucial for the client to monitor for gynecomastia as the correct answer (Option C). Bicalutamide is an androgen receptor antagonist commonly used in the treatment of prostate cancer. Gynecomastia, the development of breast tissue in males, is a known side effect of bicalutamide due to its anti-androgenic properties. Educating the client about this potential adverse effect is important for early detection and management. Muscle pain (Option A) is not a commonly associated adverse effect of bicalutamide. Flushing (Option B) is also not a typical side effect of this medication. Hyperglycemia (Option D) is more commonly associated with other classes of medications like corticosteroids or certain antipsychotics, rather than bicalutamide. In an educational context, understanding the potential adverse effects of medications is crucial for safe and effective patient care. Teaching clients about expected side effects empowers them to monitor their own health and report any concerning symptoms promptly. This knowledge also helps healthcare providers to tailor monitoring plans and interventions to ensure the best outcomes for their patients.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is A) Dyspnea. Trastuzumab is a monoclonal antibody used in the treatment of breast cancer. Dyspnea can be a sign of a serious side effect called pulmonary toxicity, which is a rare but potentially life-threatening complication of trastuzumab therapy. Therefore, it is crucial for the client to report any new or worsening respiratory symptoms promptly to their healthcare provider. Option B) Constipation is incorrect because it is not typically associated with trastuzumab therapy. Option C) Tinnitus is also incorrect as it is not a common side effect of this medication. Option D) Dry mouth is not a priority finding to report when starting trastuzumab therapy. From an educational perspective, it is essential for nurses to understand the common side effects and potential serious adverse reactions associated with specific medications to provide safe and effective patient care. Teaching clients to recognize and report concerning symptoms promptly can help prevent complications and improve treatment outcomes.