A client has peripheral arterial disease (PAD). What statement by the client indicates misunderstanding about self-management activities?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because using a heating pad can worsen PAD by dilating blood vessels, leading to reduced blood flow. Step 1: Heating pad increases blood flow, potentially worsening PAD symptoms. Step 2: Choices B, C, and D promote proper self-management by avoiding leg crossing, wearing warm socks for circulation, and quitting smoking to improve blood flow.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because melanocytes are located in the basal layer of the epidermis (stratum germinativum), where they produce melanin. Melanin then transfers to neighboring keratinocytes to protect the skin from UV radiation. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because melanocytes are not found in the stratum lucidum, subcutaneous layer, or stratum granulosum. The stratum lucidum is a translucent layer without melanocytes, the subcutaneous layer contains adipose tissue but not melanocytes, and the stratum granulosum is the layer above the stratum germinativum where keratinocytes undergo changes in morphology.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Stratum lucidum of skin. This layer is a thin, transparent layer found in the epidermis of the skin, specifically in hairless areas of the body. It is composed of dead skin cells that are flattened and densely packed. The transparency of this layer is due to the lack of organelles and nuclei in the cells, allowing light to pass through easily. The other choices (A: Stratum spongiosum, B: Epidermis, C: Stratum compactum) do not accurately represent the transparent layer formed in the skin. The epidermis as a whole contains multiple layers, with the stratum lucidum being the specific layer responsible for transparency.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Tears. Lacrimal glands are responsible for producing tears, which help keep the eyes moist and protect them from irritants. Tears contain water, electrolytes, proteins, and enzymes. Sebum (A) is produced by sebaceous glands to lubricate the skin and hair. Cerumin (B) is produced by ceruminous glands in the ear canal to protect the ear from debris. Mucous (D) is produced by mucous membranes to protect and lubricate various tissues in the body. Therefore, the correct answer is tears as lacrimal glands specifically produce this fluid to maintain eye health.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Sebaceous glands. Glands of Zeis are modified sebaceous glands that are associated with the eyelashes. Sebaceous glands produce sebum, an oily substance that helps keep the skin and hair lubricated and waterproof. In contrast, sweat glands (choice A) produce sweat, mucous glands (choice B) secrete mucus, and sudoriferous glands (choice D) are another term for sweat glands. Therefore, choice C is correct as it accurately reflects the function of the glands of Zeis.