ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2023 Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client has just been prescribed with methotrexate (Trexall) for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis who did not respond to any other treatment. An important reminder for the client is to?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Methotrexate is an immunosuppressant, increasing the risk of infections. Strict hand washing and infection prevention measures are crucial. Clay-colored stools are not normal and may indicate liver dysfunction. Pregnancy is contraindicated due to the risk of fetal harm. Sunlight exposure should be limited to reduce the risk of photosensitivity reactions.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following agents exerts its therapeutic effect in multiple sclerosis via potassium channel blockade?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Dalfampridine treats MS by blocking potassium channels in demyelinated axons, enhancing nerve conduction and improving walking ability. Exposed potassium channels in MS leak current, impairing signal propagation; dalfampridine's blockade restores function. Donepezil boosts acetylcholine for Alzheimer's. Riluzole reduces glutamate in ALS. Bromocriptine, a dopamine agonist, manages Parkinson's. Dalfampridine's unique potassium channel action directly addresses MS's neurological deficit, supported by clinical evidence, making it the correct agent here.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse administers IV push hydralazine (Apresoline) to a client with severe hypertension. Which assessment finding requires immediate action?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hydralazine, a vasodilator, lowers blood pressure but triggers reflex tachycardia. A heart rate of 110 bpm indicates significant compensation, risking ischemia or strain, requiring immediate action (e.g., slowing infusion, notifying physician). BP of 140/90 is improved, not critical. Headache and flushing are expected from vasodilation, less urgent. Tachycardia's potential to destabilize circulation, especially in severe hypertension, aligns with hydralazine's pharmacology'arteriolar relaxation prompts sympathetic response. This finding demands swift intervention to prevent cardiovascular collapse, making B the priority over manageable side effects.
Question 4 of 5
A 59-year-old man with a history of depression cuts his wrists in a suicide attempt. He is brought to the local emergency department for care. He has bilateral medial 3-cm lacerations through the skin and subcutaneous tissues that will require sutures. A review of his prior medical history indicates an allergy to 2% lidocaine. The most likely explanation for this is which of the following?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lidocaine allergy causing an issue with suturing suggests an allergic reaction , likely IgE-mediated (overlapping with B, but A is broader). Neurogenic , psychogenic , and vascular (E) don't fit. True local anesthetic allergies are rare but explain this history.
Question 5 of 5
What is a side effect of Heparin?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A common side effect of Heparin, which is an anticoagulant medication, is the risk of bleeding. Heparin works by preventing the formation of blood clots, which can lead to a bleeding risk as it inhibits the normal clotting process. Patients taking Heparin should be monitored closely for signs of bleeding, such as easy bruising, prolonged bleeding from minor cuts, or blood in the urine or stools. It is important for healthcare providers to closely monitor patients on Heparin therapy and adjust the dosage as needed to minimize the risk of excessive bleeding.