ATI RN
Burns Pediatric Primary Care Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client has been scheduled for a Schilling test. What instruction will the nurse give the client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct instruction the nurse will give to the client scheduled for a Schilling test is to collect his urine for 12 hours. The Schilling test is a diagnostic test used to assess the body's ability to absorb vitamin B12. The test involves collecting urine samples over a period of 24 hours after the client ingests a small amount of radioactive vitamin B12. By collecting urine for 12 hours, the healthcare provider will be able to analyze the excretion of the vitamin and determine the client's ability to absorb vitamin B12. Instructions such as fasting, enema administration, or emptying the bladder before the test are not typically associated with the Schilling test procedure.
Question 2 of 5
Antimetabolites are a diverse group of antineoplastic agents that interfere with various metabolic actions of the cell. The mechanism of action of antimetabolites interferes with:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Antimetabolites interfere with the synthesis of nucleic acids, specifically RNA and DNA. By disrupting one or more stages of RNA and/or DNA synthesis, antimetabolites disrupt the normal cellular processes required for cell division and replication, ultimately leading to inhibition of cell proliferation. This makes them effective agents in targeting rapidly dividing cells, such as cancer cells, which rely heavily on nucleic acid synthesis for their rapid growth. The mechanism of action of antimetabolites is cell cycle-nonspecific, meaning they can affect cells at various stages of the cell cycle rather than being specific to a particular phase like M or S phase.
Question 3 of 5
For a client newly diagnosed with radiation-induced thrombocytopenia, the nurse should include which intervention in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Providing for frequent rest periods is the most appropriate intervention for a client newly diagnosed with radiation-induced thrombocytopenia. Thrombocytopenia is characterized by a decreased number of platelets, which are essential for blood clotting. Clients with thrombocytopenia are at an increased risk for bleeding and bruising. Therefore, it is important to prevent activities that may lead to injury or bleeding. Providing frequent rest periods allows the client to conserve energy and minimize the risk of trauma that could lead to bleeding complications. This intervention helps manage the symptoms associated with thrombocytopenia and promotes the client's safety and well-being.
Question 4 of 5
A client is diagnosed with metastatic adenocarcinoma of the stomach. The physician prescribes mitomycin (Mutamycin) with other chemotherapeutic agents for palliative treatment. How mitomycin does exert its cytotoxic effects?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Mitomycin exerts its cytotoxic effects by forming cross-links between adjacent guanine residues in DNA, leading to inhibition of DNA synthesis. This mechanism disrupts the replication of cancer cells, ultimately inducing cell death. Mitomycin is an alkylating agent that primarily targets DNA, making it an effective treatment for certain types of cancers, such as adenocarcinoma of the stomach.
Question 5 of 5
The spouse of a client with gastric cancer expresses concern that the couple's children may develop this type of cancer when they're older. When reviewing risk factors for gastric cancer with the client and family, the nurse explains that a certain blood type increases the risk by 10%. The nurse is referring to:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Among the different blood types, individuals with blood type A have been found to have a slightly higher risk of developing gastric cancer. Research has shown that individuals with blood type A are associated with a 10% increased risk of gastric cancer compared to other blood types. This information is important to consider when discussing potential risk factors for gastric cancer with clients and their families.