ATI RN
Health Care Utilization by Age Group Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client has been diagnosed with a dementia secondary to cerebral disease. The family members note the client 'has not been as sharp as he once was' and that he has developed urinary incontinence and a gait disturbance. They attributed the first symptom to normal aging but were alarmed by the latter two symptoms. Based on this history, which of the following should come to mind?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: The client presents with urinary incontinence and a gait disturbance, suggestive of normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) due to cerebral disease. Step 2: NPH is characterized by the triad of cognitive decline, gait disturbances, and urinary incontinence. Step 3: Symptoms of NPH can mimic normal aging but are distinct from other conditions. Step 4: Vitamin B12 deficiency (B) primarily presents with anemia and neurological symptoms, not the triad seen in NPH. Step 5: Hepatic disease (C) typically presents with symptoms related to liver dysfunction, not the triad of NPH. Step 6: Tuberculosis (D) manifests with respiratory symptoms and constitutional symptoms, not the cognitive decline and gait issues seen in NPH.
Question 2 of 5
The affective losses of Alzheimer's disease refer to losses noticed in the individual's:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The affective losses of Alzheimer's disease refer to changes in emotions and mood, impacting personality traits. This is because the disease affects areas of the brain responsible for regulating emotions. Personality changes are commonly observed in individuals with Alzheimer's. Thought processes (choice B) are more related to cognitive decline, while ability to make and carry out plans (choice C) and self-care (choice D) are more associated with functional decline. Therefore, choice A is correct as it specifically addresses the affective aspect of the disease.
Question 3 of 5
An elderly woman is brought to the clinic by her daughter. The client states that she has had a cold for several days. Her daughter states that her mother has been confused about when her routine medications are to be taken and that her mother has never experienced confusion about her medications before. Based on this information, it is important that the nurse ask the client whether:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: She has taken any over-the-counter medications for her cold. It is important for the nurse to ask this question because over-the-counter medications can sometimes interact with prescription medications, leading to confusion or other cognitive issues in elderly patients. By identifying any OTC medications the client has taken, the nurse can assess potential drug interactions that may be contributing to the confusion. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. History of mental illness in the family or a previous diagnosis of mental health disorder may not directly address the current issue of confusion related to medication management. Asking about the last visit to a physician is also less relevant compared to inquiring about current medication use for a potential cause of confusion.
Question 4 of 5
An 11-year-old child stays home from school to care for his siblings while his mother works, is demeaned by his father, and has negative self-perceptions. Which intervention(s) would be appropriate? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Crisis intervention. This is appropriate because the child is experiencing multiple stressors that require immediate support. Crisis intervention focuses on providing immediate assistance to individuals in distress and can help address the child's current emotional and psychological needs. Summary of other choices: B: Creating a safety plan may be relevant if there are safety concerns, but it does not address the child's emotional well-being. C: Referring to family therapy may be beneficial in addressing family dynamics, but it may not be the most urgent intervention in this case. D: Referring for case management is important for coordinating services, but it may not provide the immediate emotional support needed in this situation.
Question 5 of 5
Assist her in developing an emergency plan, since the pattern of violence is likely to continue.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale for Choice A: 1. Developing an emergency plan is crucial as it ensures safety during potential violent situations. 2. It empowers the individual to have a plan of action in place to protect themselves. 3. By having an emergency plan, the individual can respond quickly and effectively to ensure their safety. Summary of Other Choices: B. The pattern of violence decreasing is uncertain and doesn't address the immediate need for safety. C. Labeling the pattern of violence as unpredictable doesn't provide a proactive solution for the individual's safety. D. "None of the above" is incorrect as developing an emergency plan is a proactive and necessary step in situations of potential violence.