ATI RN
Introduction to Nursing Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client has been admitted with left-sided heart failure. When planning care for the client, interventions should be focused around reduction of which specific problem associated with this type of heart failure?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Bilateral lung crackles. Left-sided heart failure causes fluid buildup in the lungs, leading to crackles on auscultation. Interventions should focus on reducing pulmonary congestion to improve breathing. Ascites (A) is associated with right-sided heart failure. Pedal edema (B) is a symptom of right-sided heart failure due to fluid retention in the lower extremities. Jugular vein distention (D) is a sign of right-sided heart failure. Focusing on reducing bilateral lung crackles is crucial in managing left-sided heart failure.
Question 2 of 5
Which group of drugs will the nurse plan to include when teaching a patient who has a new diagnosis of peripheral artery disease (PAD)?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Statins. Statins are used to lower cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with PAD. They help prevent further progression of atherosclerosis and improve blood flow. Antibiotics (B) are not typically indicated for PAD unless there is an infection present. Thrombolytics (C) are used to dissolve blood clots and are not a primary treatment for PAD. Anticoagulants (D) are used to prevent blood clots but are not the first-line treatment for PAD. Overall, statins are the most appropriate choice for managing PAD due to their proven benefits in reducing cardiovascular risk factors associated with the disease.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse administers medications to a client who has asthma. Which medication classification is paired correctly with its physiologic action?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Answer B is correct as a cholinergic antagonist works by inhibiting the parasympathetic nervous system, leading to bronchodilation. The parasympathetic nervous system typically causes bronchoconstriction, so inhibiting it results in dilation of the bronchi and improved airflow in asthma patients. Choice A is incorrect as bronchodilators do not stabilize mast cell membranes; they directly relax bronchial smooth muscles. Choice C is incorrect as corticosteroids work by reducing airway inflammation and suppressing the immune response, not by directly relaxing bronchial smooth muscles. Choice D is incorrect as cromones prevent the release of inflammatory mediators from mast cells, rather than disrupting their production pathways.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse assesses clients on a medical-surgical unit. Which client would the nurse identify as having the greatest risk for cardiovascular disease?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, a 65-year-old woman with diabetes mellitus. Diabetes is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease due to the impact of high blood sugar levels on blood vessels and the heart. This increases the risk of atherosclerosis and heart disease. The other choices do not have as direct a link to cardiovascular disease. Asthma and colorectal cancer are not primary risk factors, and while bisphosphonates can have side effects, they are not typically associated with a significantly increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Therefore, the 65-year-old woman with diabetes mellitus is the client with the greatest risk for cardiovascular disease among the options provided.
Question 5 of 5
A patient who has atrial fibrillation is taking digoxin the nurse expects which medication to be given concurrently to treat this condition?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Warfarin (Coumadin). Atrial fibrillation increases the risk of blood clots, so anticoagulants like warfarin are used to prevent stroke. Warfarin helps to maintain proper blood thickness. Aspirin (B) is an antiplatelet drug, not as effective as anticoagulant in preventing stroke in atrial fibrillation. Heparin (C) is usually used for short-term anticoagulation and not as a long-term treatment for atrial fibrillation. Clopidogrel (D) is also an antiplatelet drug, not the first-line treatment for atrial fibrillation.