A client has a prescription for Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In pharmacology, understanding medication administration instructions is crucial for ensuring optimal therapeutic outcomes. For the prescription of Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole, the nurse should include the instruction to increase fluid intake. This is because Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole is a combination antibiotic that can increase the risk of crystalluria, which is the formation of crystals in the urine. By increasing fluid intake, the client can help prevent the formation of these crystals and reduce the risk of kidney damage. Option A, taking the medication with food, is not directly related to the administration of Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole. This medication can be taken with or without food, so it is not a priority instruction. Option C, expecting reddish-orange urine, is a common side effect of phenazopyridine, not Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole. It is important to differentiate between medication side effects to provide accurate information to the client. Option D, avoiding high-protein foods, is not necessary for Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole administration. There is no specific dietary restriction related to this medication that requires the client to avoid high-protein foods. Educationally, understanding the rationale behind medication administration instructions helps nurses provide safe and effective care to their clients. By linking the pharmacological effects of medications to specific instructions, nurses can promote better adherence and outcomes for their clients.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Grapefruit can increase the levels of simvastatin in the blood, leading to an increased risk of serious side effects, including muscle pain or damage. Therefore, it is crucial for the client to avoid consuming grapefruit while taking this medication to prevent potential complications.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct instruction for a client taking Clindamycin is to take the medication with a full glass of water. Clindamycin can cause esophageal irritation, so taking it with a full glass of water helps minimize this risk. Avoiding taking the medication with food is not necessary. If diarrhea occurs, clients should not discontinue the medication without consulting their healthcare provider. Clindamycin is not known to cause increased appetite.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In pharmacology education, it is crucial for nurses to provide accurate and detailed information to patients regarding their medications to ensure safe and effective treatment outcomes. In the case of Metoprolol, the correct statement the nurse should include is "This medication may make you feel dizzy at first." This statement is correct because Metoprolol is a beta-blocker that can cause dizziness as a common side effect, especially when initiating therapy or with dosage adjustments. By informing the patient about this potential side effect, the nurse prepares the patient for what to expect and encourages adherence to the medication despite the discomfort. The other options are incorrect for the following reasons: - Option B: There is no specific dietary restriction related to fat intake with Metoprolol. Providing this information can create unnecessary dietary restrictions for the patient. - Option C: While some medications need to be taken at specific times, Metoprolol can generally be taken at any time of the day. There is no absolute requirement to take it in the morning. - Option D: Metoprolol is actually used to treat rapid heart rates, so experiencing a rapid heart rate while taking this medication would be unexpected and not a common side effect. In an educational context, teaching patients about their medications empowers them to manage their health effectively. Nurses play a crucial role in medication education, ensuring that patients have the knowledge and understanding needed to take their medications safely and adhere to the prescribed regimen. By providing accurate information, nurses can help prevent medication errors and improve patient outcomes.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: When a client is prescribed Digoxin, it is essential to monitor their heart rate before each dose. Changes such as a heart rate below 60 bpm should be reported to the healthcare provider promptly. This is crucial because Digoxin can affect heart rhythm, and monitoring the heart rate helps in identifying any potential issues early on.