A client has a prescription for Hydralazine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Monitor your blood pressure regularly. Rationale: Hydralazine is an antihypertensive medication used to treat high blood pressure. Monitoring blood pressure regularly is crucial because hydralazine helps lower blood pressure, and monitoring ensures that the medication is effectively managing the condition. By monitoring blood pressure, the client and healthcare provider can assess the drug's efficacy and adjust the dosage if needed to achieve optimal blood pressure control. Option A) Take the medication at bedtime is incorrect because hydralazine is typically prescribed to be taken multiple times a day to maintain consistent blood levels and control blood pressure throughout the day. Option C) Expect to have increased energy levels is incorrect because hydralazine is not known to increase energy levels. In fact, some clients may experience side effects such as dizziness or fatigue. Option D) Avoid foods high in potassium is incorrect because hydralazine does not directly interact with potassium levels in the body. However, it is essential for clients taking hydralazine to follow a balanced diet recommended for managing hypertension. Educational Context: Understanding medication instructions is crucial for clients to achieve optimal therapeutic outcomes. Nurses play a vital role in educating clients about their medications to ensure safe and effective treatment. Monitoring blood pressure regularly empowers clients to actively participate in their care and helps healthcare providers make informed decisions about medication management. This question highlights the importance of patient education and monitoring in pharmacological management, emphasizing the role of the nurse in promoting medication adherence and client safety.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct instruction for the nurse to include for a client with a new prescription for Clonidine is option A) Expect to feel drowsy. Clonidine is a centrally acting alpha-2 adrenergic agonist that works by decreasing sympathetic nervous system activity, leading to vasodilation and reduced blood pressure. One common side effect of Clonidine is sedation or drowsiness, so preparing the client for this potential effect is important for their safety and understanding. Option B) Increase your intake of high-potassium foods is incorrect because there is no specific relationship between Clonidine and potassium intake. It is essential for the nurse to provide accurate and relevant information to the client to ensure their understanding and adherence to medication instructions. Option C) Take the medication with grapefruit juice is incorrect because grapefruit juice can interact with certain medications by inhibiting cytochrome P450 enzymes in the liver, affecting drug metabolism. However, this is not a concern specifically associated with Clonidine. Option D) Avoid foods high in fat is incorrect as there is no direct correlation between Clonidine and dietary fat intake. Providing accurate information to the client about potential side effects and necessary precautions is crucial to ensure safe medication administration and management. In an educational context, it is important for nurses to have a solid understanding of pharmacology to provide safe and effective care to their clients. Educating clients about their medications, including potential side effects and necessary precautions, is a fundamental aspect of nursing practice to promote medication adherence and positive health outcomes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In pharmacology, understanding medication administration instructions is crucial for ensuring optimal patient outcomes. In the case of Labetalol, which is a beta-blocker used to treat hypertension, instructing the client to take the medication with food is essential. The correct answer (A) is to take the medication with food because beta-blockers like Labetalol can cause gastric irritation and are better absorbed with food, which can help minimize gastrointestinal side effects. Option B, monitoring blood glucose levels, is incorrect as Labetalol does not directly impact blood glucose levels. Option C, expecting a rapid heart rate, is also incorrect because beta-blockers like Labetalol actually work to lower heart rate and blood pressure. Option D, increasing intake of high-sodium foods, is incorrect as beta-blockers often require a low-sodium diet to manage hypertension effectively. Educationally, understanding the rationale behind medication instructions helps students grasp the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs. It reinforces the importance of patient education and adherence to medication regimens to achieve therapeutic goals. Understanding these principles is essential for safe medication administration and patient care.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct statement that the nurse should include for a client with a new prescription for Ondansetron is option A) Take the medication 30 minutes before chemotherapy. Rationale: Ondansetron is a medication commonly used to prevent nausea and vomiting, especially related to chemotherapy treatments. Taking it 30 minutes before chemotherapy allows the medication to be most effective in preventing these side effects. This timing ensures that the drug reaches peak concentration in the body when the chemotherapy drugs are administered, providing optimal antiemetic effects. Option B) Expect your urine to turn orange is incorrect because Ondansetron does not typically cause changes in urine color. This statement may confuse the client and lead to unnecessary concern. Option C) Increase your intake of high-fiber foods is incorrect as it is unrelated to the administration or effects of Ondansetron. It is important for the nurse to provide relevant and accurate information to the client to ensure safe and effective medication use. Option D) Avoid drinking grapefruit juice is incorrect because Ondansetron does not have any known interactions with grapefruit juice. This statement may unnecessarily restrict the client's dietary choices without a valid reason. Educational Context: Understanding the appropriate timing and administration of medications is crucial for achieving the desired therapeutic effects and minimizing adverse reactions. Nurses play a key role in educating clients about their medications to promote safe and effective treatment outcomes. In the case of Ondansetron, timing its administration before chemotherapy can significantly improve its efficacy in preventing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. By providing accurate information, nurses empower clients to take an active role in their healthcare and adhere to prescribed treatment regimens.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Clients with conditions like pernicious anemia or other causes of vitamin B12 deficiency may require lifelong cyanocobalamin supplementation to prevent deficiency. This is because their bodies are unable to absorb B12 from dietary sources adequately, necessitating ongoing injections to maintain optimal B12 levels.