A client has a prescription for Heparin. Which of the following laboratory tests should be monitored while the client is receiving Heparin?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) is the correct laboratory test to monitor while a client is receiving Heparin. This test is used to assess the therapeutic levels of heparin in the blood, ensuring that the dose is within the safe and effective range. Monitoring aPTT helps healthcare providers adjust the dosage of Heparin to prevent complications such as bleeding or clotting.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C) Wait 5 minutes between medications if two inhaled medications are prescribed. This instruction is crucial because Ipratropium is an anticholinergic bronchodilator that helps to open the airways, and spacing it out from other inhaled medications prevents potential drug interactions or reduced effectiveness. Option A) This medication can be used as a rescue inhaler is incorrect because Ipratropium is not typically used for acute symptom relief like a rescue inhaler such as albuterol. Option B) This medication should be taken before albuterol is incorrect because there is no specific requirement for the order of administration between Ipratropium and albuterol. Option D) Ipratropium can be used before exercise is incorrect as Ipratropium is not indicated for use specifically before exercise. In an educational context, it is essential for nurses to provide accurate and detailed instructions to clients when introducing a new medication to ensure its safe and effective use. Understanding the proper administration, timing, and potential interactions of medications like Ipratropium can significantly impact patient outcomes and adherence to therapy.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In pharmacology, it is crucial for nurses to provide accurate and detailed instructions to clients regarding their medications. In the case of Clonidine, a medication used to treat hypertension, the correct instruction the nurse should include is to take the medication at the same time each day (Option B). This instruction is important because Clonidine is a medication that needs to be taken consistently to maintain therapeutic levels in the body for optimal blood pressure control. Taking it at the same time each day helps to establish a routine and ensures the drug's effectiveness. Option A is incorrect because experiencing dry mouth is a common side effect of Clonidine, and it does not necessarily warrant discontinuation of the medication. Option C is wrong because doubling the dose of Clonidine can lead to serious side effects such as low blood pressure and dizziness. Option D is inaccurate as there is no specific interaction between Clonidine and orange juice that necessitates avoidance. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of medication adherence and timing in the treatment of hypertension. It emphasizes the role of nurses in educating clients about proper medication administration to achieve desired therapeutic outcomes and avoid potential harm. Understanding these principles is essential for nursing practice and patient safety.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In teaching a client with a prescription for Loperamide for diarrhea, the nurse should include the instruction to avoid activities that require alertness. Loperamide is an antidiarrheal medication that can cause drowsiness and impair alertness, so engaging in activities such as driving or operating machinery can be dangerous. Option A is incorrect because taking the medication with a full glass of water is a general instruction for many medications but not specifically for Loperamide. Option C is incorrect because abdominal pain and bloating are not expected side effects of Loperamide. Option D is incorrect because taking an additional dose after each loose stool can lead to overdose and is not the recommended dosing regimen for Loperamide. Educationally, it is important for the nurse to emphasize the specific precautions and side effects of Loperamide to ensure the safe and effective use of the medication by the client. Understanding the rationale behind each instruction helps the client adhere to the prescribed regimen and avoid any potential risks associated with the medication.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In pharmacology, it is crucial for nurses to understand the specific monitoring parameters associated with different medications to ensure patient safety and optimal therapeutic outcomes. In the case of a client prescribed Ranitidine, the correct answer is option A) Complete blood count (CBC). Ranitidine is a medication that can affect blood cell production, particularly leading to decreased levels of certain blood cells. Therefore, monitoring the CBC is essential to detect any potential adverse effects such as anemia, leukopenia, or thrombocytopenia. Option B) Serum creatinine is not the primary laboratory parameter to monitor for a client taking Ranitidine, as this medication is not primarily associated with renal function impairment. Serum creatinine is generally monitored for medications that have known nephrotoxic effects. Option C) Serum potassium is also not directly related to Ranitidine use. While certain medications may impact potassium levels, Ranitidine is not typically known to cause significant potassium disturbances. Option D) Serum glucose is not the priority lab value to monitor for a client on Ranitidine. Although some medications can affect blood glucose levels, Ranitidine is not commonly associated with causing hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of understanding the specific monitoring parameters for different medications. It reinforces the significance of tailored patient assessment and monitoring based on the pharmacological properties of each drug. By grasping these principles, nurses can ensure safe medication administration and promptly identify any potential adverse effects, thereby promoting patient well-being.