A client has a prescription for furosemide. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In pharmacology, understanding the implications of medication administration and patient education is crucial. In the case of furosemide, a loop diuretic, the correct instruction to include is to eat a diet high in potassium (Option B). Furosemide is a potent diuretic that can lead to potassium loss through increased urine output. Potassium is an essential electrolyte for proper cardiac and muscle function, and a deficiency can result in serious complications like cardiac arrhythmias. Option A is incorrect because furosemide is usually recommended to be taken in the morning to prevent disruptions in sleep due to increased urination during the night. Option C is incorrect as magnesium is not a major concern with furosemide therapy. Option D is also incorrect because while fluid intake may need to be monitored, restricting it to 1 liter per day is not a general guideline for furosemide use. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of understanding the side effects and necessary precautions associated with specific medications. It emphasizes the need for patient education regarding dietary considerations to prevent adverse effects and ensure optimal therapeutic outcomes when taking furosemide. Nurses play a vital role in educating patients on medication management to promote safe and effective treatment.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Alcohol. Clients should avoid alcohol while taking metronidazole to prevent a disulfiram-like reaction, which can cause symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, headache, and flushing. It is important to educate clients on the potential interactions between metronidazole and alcohol to ensure the effectiveness of the medication and prevent adverse reactions.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Metoclopramide. Metoclopramide is a prokinetic agent that helps to improve gastric motility, making it an appropriate choice for a client with diabetes experiencing nausea due to gastroparesis, a condition characterized by delayed stomach emptying. Option A) Lubiprostone is a medication used for constipation and irritable bowel syndrome, not for gastroparesis-induced nausea. Option C) Bisacodyl is a laxative used for constipation and bowel preparation, unrelated to treating gastroparesis. Option D) Loperamide is an antidiarrheal medication, not indicated for gastroparesis-related nausea. Educationally, understanding the mechanisms of action of various medications is crucial in pharmacology. It is essential for nurses to know which drugs are appropriate for specific conditions to provide safe and effective care to their patients. In this case, recognizing the role of Metoclopramide in improving gastric motility helps in selecting the most suitable treatment option for a client with diabetes and gastroparesis-induced nausea.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of pharmacology and the treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) with Alfuzosin, the correct adverse effect is C) Hypotension. Alfuzosin is an alpha-1 adrenergic blocker that relaxes smooth muscle in the prostate, bladder neck, and urethra. By blocking alpha-1 receptors, it causes vasodilation and can lead to a decrease in blood pressure. Option A) Bradycardia is not typically associated with Alfuzosin use. While alpha-1 blockers can cause some reflex tachycardia due to the drop in blood pressure, bradycardia is not a common adverse effect. Option B) Edema is also not a common adverse effect of Alfuzosin. Edema is more commonly associated with calcium channel blockers or some other classes of antihypertensive medications. Option D) Tremor is not a typical adverse effect of Alfuzosin. Tremor is more commonly seen with medications that affect the central nervous system or have direct effects on neurotransmitters. Understanding the potential adverse effects of medications is crucial for nurses to educate clients on what to expect and when to seek medical attention. In the case of Alfuzosin, educating the client on the possibility of hypotension can help prevent complications and improve compliance with the prescribed treatment regimen.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. The client should report increasing intensity, frequency, or duration of contractions to the provider because these are manifestations of preterm labor. This response demonstrates the client's understanding of the importance of monitoring contractions and seeking appropriate medical attention.