A client has a new prescription for Prednisone. Which of the following instructions should be included?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In pharmacology, it is crucial to provide thorough instructions to clients regarding their medications. In the case of Prednisone, the correct instruction to include is to increase intake of vitamin D. This is because Prednisone, a corticosteroid, can lead to decreased calcium absorption and increased risk of bone loss, making it important to supplement with vitamin D to support bone health. Option B, taking the medication on an empty stomach, is incorrect because Prednisone is typically recommended to be taken with food to minimize gastrointestinal side effects. Option C, avoiding grapefruit juice, is also incorrect as grapefruit juice interactions are more common with certain other medications, not necessarily with Prednisone. Option D, taking the medication every other day, is incorrect as Prednisone is usually prescribed in a specific daily dosage regimen to maintain therapeutic levels in the body. Educationally, understanding the rationale behind specific medication instructions helps students grasp the importance of individualized patient care. By linking medication effects to specific recommendations like increasing vitamin D intake with Prednisone, learners can appreciate the holistic approach to pharmacological treatment and its impact on patient outcomes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct instruction to include in the discharge teaching for a client prescribed Metronidazole is to avoid drinking alcohol while taking this medication. Drinking alcohol with Metronidazole can result in a disulfiram-like reaction, leading to symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and flushing. Therefore, it is crucial for the client to abstain from alcohol consumption during the course of treatment with Metronidazole.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is to instruct the client to avoid sudden discontinuation of Labetalol. Abrupt discontinuation of beta-blockers like Labetalol can lead to rebound hypertension and other cardiac issues. It is important for clients to taper off the medication under healthcare provider guidance to prevent potential complications.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Lovastatin should be taken at bedtime because cholesterol production in the liver is highest at night, making the medication more effective in reducing cholesterol levels. By taking it at bedtime, the medication aligns with the body's natural rhythm of cholesterol synthesis, optimizing its therapeutic effects.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The nurse should monitor the client's serum lithium levels to ensure they are within the therapeutic range and to assess for potential toxicity. Monitoring serum lithium levels is crucial because lithium has a narrow therapeutic range, and levels outside this range can lead to toxicity, which can be life-threatening. Therefore, regular monitoring is essential to prevent adverse effects and ensure the medication's effectiveness.